1 km run record. Average and maximum human running speed and world record

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July 26 marks the 30th anniversary of the oldest world record in athletics - the achievement of Yarmila Kratokhvilova in the 800m run. But Bob Beamon's long jump record - 8.90, which at one time was called "eternal", lasted less than 23 years. Now there are 12 results in the table of world records, which will turn 25 or more years old this year. Will they be surpassed, and if so, when? Well-known athletes and coaches give an answer to this question today.

MEN

Disk

74,08

Jurgen SCHULT GDR

Neubrandenburg

06.06.1986

The result of Schult, the Olympic champion of Seoul-88 and the silver medalist of Barcelona-92, is the oldest world record for men in history. Schult, who established his world at the age of 26 and dominated the men's disc for a long time, performed until 40 (that's how much he was in Sydney 2000), received an education in the field of sports and after the end of his career as an athlete became a coach.

Yuri DUMCHEV, former world record holder:

I think this record will be broken, the only question is when? In the next five, perhaps ten years. Before - hardly. Although Peter Malakhovskiy recently threw at 71.84. In principle, there are good guys who can reach the world record. But, I repeat, for another ten years it may well stand.

How do I feel about this record? Schult installed it in his hometown, and at the next start showed almost ten meters less. This worried me a little. After that, if I'm not mistaken, he threw many times on 69, but for 70 - only a few. It happens: at some point you shoot. In addition, in our form, the wind still helps. There are places in the world, as if specially created for discus throwing, where the wind blows very strongly. I know a case when a guy with a personal record of 55 m came to one of these and threw at 65.

Schulte's result is, of course, fantastic. In those days it was something! After that, I thought that Virgilius Alekna or Gerd Kanter would "shoot" him. The latter actually has a chance. I think he's the only one who could do it anytime soon. I don't like the same Robert Harting in terms of technique, he has such a typical power throwing. But at 75 meters it is very difficult to throw like that.

Valentin MASLAKOV , head coach of the Russian national team:

I think this is one of those records that will stand for a very, very long time. I don't see anyone who could take a swing at him. Now even throws a little over 70 meters are considered a very high result.

HAMMER

86,74

Yuri SEDIKH USSR

Stuttgart

30.08.1988

Yuri Sedykh set his world record at the age of 31 at the European Championships. Prior to that, in his outstanding career, there were victories at the Games in Montreal-76 and Moscow-80, and later - the silver of Seoul-88 and the gold of the World Cup-91. After the collapse of the USSR, Sedykh and his wife, world record holder in shot put Natalya Lisovskaya, live in France.

Valentin MASLAKOV :

Sedykh had an excellent coach Anatoly Pavlovich Bondarchuk, who himself played at a very high level, and then became an excellent mentor. In his group there were several strong athletes who took turns in the lead. Sedykh, let's say, played according to his schedule, which would not suit everyone now: the year showed brilliant results, and the year - rather mediocre. This strategy allowed me to allocate enough time to prepare, to perform all the necessary volumes and then show very long shots.

Now there are attempts in the hammer for 83 m. But 86 m is, of course, a very high result. Nevertheless, I think that the record can still be broken. There are athletes who are gradually approaching this mark. Now we see a high density of results. And this is not one or two people, but a whole group that consistently throws in the region of 82 m.

WOMEN

100 m

10,49

Florence Griffith-JOYNER US

Indianapolis

16.07.1988

200 m

21,34

Florence Griffith-JOYNER US

Seoul

29.09.1988

Griffith-Joyner continues to amaze today. Not only with her phenomenal running and incredible career takeoff, which happened to her by the standards of athletics quite late - at 29 years old. But also with an appearance that can decorate any girlish pop group, extravagant one-leg tights and much more. The tragic death at the age of 38 under mysterious circumstances (officially the cause of death was a heart attack, but many continue to doubt this to this day) only cemented the status of a mysterious legend for Griffith-Joyner.

Florence's results have been disputed by many. There is an opinion that the 100-meter race in Indianapolis was run with a strong tailwind, which the equipment for some reason did not record. However, the second result of Griffith-Joyner (10.61), shown with acceptable wind indicators, would still still be a world record.

Lyudmila KONDRATEVA , Olympic champion of Moscow-80 in the hundred-meter race, bronze medalist of Seoul-88 in the 4x100 m relay:

Griffith-Joyner is, of course, a legendary figure. Now there is no one to even compare her to. She did not run - she flew like a bird, ate-ate touching the path.

We didn't know each other personally. But, I remember, at the Seoul Olympics, during the races, she had no one to attach a number to her back. And she asked me - the nearest of those standing nearby. My hands even trembled - to pin a number on such a star. I was very satisfied.

Of course she stood out. So stylish, always very well-groomed. These long nails, unusual overalls, extravagant outfits... She loved to experiment, she was not shy about wearing some revealing things. Even in everyday life, she always dressed unusually. We were still young then and looked with all eyes: wow, so talented and at the same time so extravagant. I would call her a trendsetter.

The results shown by Florence are truly outstanding, what else can I say. Maybe someone will surpass them. But I don't think it will happen soon. I would like, of course, to be mistaken, but ... The runners now approached her, especially at 200 m, but just a little bit. And at 100 m - even less. Maybe one day such a Bolt will appear in a female form in America or in Jamaica - the championship has now taken place there, and the results in the sprint are very high for both women and men.

Valentin MASLAKOV :

These are fantastic records. Although American women are running well now, Jamaica is “waking up”. I think it will be especially difficult to beat the 200m record. Still, 21.34 is a very high result for women. But in the hundred meters, I think one of the girls can surpass him.

400 m

47,60

Marita KOCH GDR

Canberra

06.10.1985

Marita Koch speaks best for her impressive statistics. Olympic champion, three-time world champion with a total of 15 world records. She set the 400m world record at the age of 28. At one time, Koch, like all representatives of the GDR, had certain questions, but Marita categorically denied all suspicions.

“I was relatively diligent, but not super ambitious,” Koch said about herself in an interview with SE. “If necessary, I plowed 120 percent and could be pretty tough on myself. And height, weight - everything was about ' Kay. My technique was also good - my running style was formed from childhood. I was quite strong, powerful - it is important that the bones withstand. Of course, I was happy when I set a record. At the same time, I understood: someday they will beat him There are no eternal records.

It takes a lot of work to run 400 meters fast. You can't easily or accidentally set a record here. The athlete must run steadily for a couple of years for 48 with something, and only then, perhaps, she will be able to make a breakthrough. Before I broke the 48 second mark, I ran the 400 for 11 years, improving my results almost every year. Could I run faster than 47.60? Probably not. On that day, everything went well."

Valentin MASLAKOV :

Koch is a brilliant athlete in every way. Very talented. In addition, she had an excellent method of preparation, pharmacological support. And all this, as they say, was very suitable for her. At one time, I spent a lot of joint training with the Germans and I can say that she really worked in a new way, not the way everyone else trained at that time. I think her record will stand for a long, long time. Now athletes can “run out” of 49 seconds, but 47 is practically a man's result in our times.

800 m

1.53,28

Yarmila KRATOKHVILOVA Czechoslovakia

Munich

26.07.1983

The record of 32-year-old at that time Kratokhvilova, set at competitions in Munich, is the longest-lived world achievement among women. She also once held the world record in the 400-meter race (47.99), which was then taken by Marita Koch. At one time, the South African Caster Semenya was called the heiress of the Czechoslovak athlete. After her impressive victory at the 2009 World Cup in Berlin, talk of a possible fall in Kratochvilova's record was more popular than ever. However, the almost year-long investigation into Semenya's gender seems to have put an end to this story.

Valentin MASLAKOV :

I think that in this discipline a new world record is not expected in the near future. Although Caster Semenya could install it. Moreover, I know that she aimed at it, wanted to do it. Is she capable of it now, after returning to the track? I have the impression that now she "buries" herself a little, so as not to stand out too much.

Relay race 4x400 m

3.15,17

USSR

Tatiana LEDOVSKAYA

Olga NAZAROVA

Maria PINIGINA

Olga BRYZGINA

Seoul

01.10.1988

This type of program has become a real super-battle between the Russian and American teams in recent years. It only plays into our hands: in such conditions there is every chance of a new world record. We hope, of course, that the victory, as in the Olympic Seoul, will remain with us here.

Valentin MASLAKOV :

This result, in principle, cannot be called some kind of fantastic. It's just that at that time we had a very good quartet - all the girls ran around 49 seconds. If we collect such a company now, we can get a new global one. And one day such a quartet will definitely meet. Strong results are shown not only by us, but also by Americans. For a long time they did not pay enough attention to relay races, considering individual events more prestigious. But now the psychology is changing, and not only with them. For example, English women are very interested in relay races.

100 m s/b

12,21

Yordanka DONKOVA Bulgaria

Stara Zagora

20.08.1988

Donkova's highest world achievement, set by her in the year of her 27th birthday, just recently almost left the list of long-lived records. On June 22 at the US Championships, 21-year-old American Brianna Rollins clocked 12.26, while making several obvious errors. In view of this (Rollins knocked down one barrier and touched five more), as well as the youth of the athlete and her lack of experience, everyone immediately started talking about the fact that Donkova’s record, apparently, is now the first in line for “withdrawal”.

Valentin MASLAKOV :

Americans generally do not hold their championships in bad conditions, when something gets in the way. This is done just to show good results. And now Rollins almost broke Donkova's record. This, of course, requires ideal conditions. But, I think, if everything works out for her at a certain moment, she is able to do it in the foreseeable future. So here we have every reason to hope.

Height

2,09

Stefka KOSTADINOVA Bulgaria

Rome

30.08.1987

Kostadinova made her legendary jump at the age of 22 - and it was a miracle how good, however, like the fair-haired athlete herself. This world record, one of the oldest in women's track and field athletics, after the start of Anna Chicherova's winning streak, understandably attracts special attention in Russia. The fact that the achievement of the legendary grinder is achievable was hinted more than once by the outstanding mentor of Chicherova Evgeny Zagorulko. And Chicherova herself said this about this last fall: “Some time ago I could not even think of any world record. But last year in Brussels I jumped 2.10. And you know what? This record was very close. Yes, he can really be beaten! And then, 25 years is too long for a world record."

Valentin MASLAKOV :

If it was one jump, one could say that Kostadinova just got it right that day. But she had a lot of such jumps! So there is no such thing as randomness. And yet, I believe that an athlete may appear who will jump higher. Including among our girls. The same Anna Chicherova may well do it. There is also young Maria Kuchina, who has a very good potential.

Length

7,52

Galina CHISTYAKOVA USSR

Leningrad

11.06.1988

Another domestic record was set at the Znamensky Memorial and since then has inspired a considerable number of athletes to take up the long jump. “I thought that if I move the run-up 10 cm closer, that would be enough to jump 7.50,” Chistyakova herself, who was 25 years old in June 1988, talks about her legendary jump. That is, this jump was absolutely under control. Not at full strength, but under control."

Like other Soviet world record holders - Sedykh and Lisovskaya, Chistyakova ended up abroad after the collapse of the USSR. Now she has been living with her family in Slovakia for many years. Gives workshops for children.

Tatiana LEBEDEVA , Olympic champion:

In those days when Heike Drechsler, Chistyakova, Jackie Joyner-Kersee fought among themselves, it seemed that girls could jump 8 meters. But since then, the sport has changed a lot. Doping control has become tougher, the environment is worse: look at what we eat, what we breathe. There has also been more commerce - athletes can no longer afford to throw all their strength into one start.

I once talked with my husband and coach Chistyakova, and he said that if the triple jump had been developed a little earlier, Galina would have jumped 16 m. After all, even when her results were already on the decline, when she began to be tormented by injuries and was not developed training technique, she jumped 14.70. Perhaps in the triple Chistyakova could realize herself even more.

Even for me, an Olympic champion, the 7.50 long jump seems fantastic. Now, even if you jump over 7 meters, this is already considered a grandmaster result.

Is it possible to break Chistyakova's record in the future? London Olympic champion Brittney Reese has 7.25 this season, but I don't think she's capable of breaking the world record. Still, Reese is already quite an experienced athlete. Her physical data is excellent, even phenomenal, but psychologically she has not matured during this time. Reese is unstable. At one start, 7.25 can jump, and at the other - 5.90. And although after jumping to 7.25, Reese promised to break the world record, while it sounds a little ridiculous. 7.25 and 7.50 - for long jumps, this is heaven and earth.

Of the current athletes, I would only bet on Blessing Okagbar from Nigeria. At the age of 19, she quite unexpectedly became the third in Beijing. Young, no load - ran up and jumped 6.93, setting a personal record. Then she focused on the sprint, became more powerful and now has very high results. But sometimes he continues to indulge in long jumps. Of course, she has a whole bunch of technical flaws - she takes her toll at the expense of phenomenal speed. But if Blessing focuses on length, corrects her technique, dries a little, she can break the world record.

Core

22,63

Natalia Lisovskaya USSR

Moscow

07.06.1987

Another "home" world achievement: Lisovskaya, 24 years old at that time, installed her final world achievement (there were two more before it - a few years earlier) at the Druzhba stadium in Moscow.

Valentin MASLAKOV :

Lisovskaya confidently pushed the shot for 20-21 m, so this was not the limit for her. Moreover, at that time her results were much higher, they were simply not included in official statistics. Let's say that the results shown at home were not very welcome.

Can anyone get closer to Lisovskaya's record? There is New Zealander Valerie Adams, who consistently pushes over 20 meters. But she is from the category of singles, in general, the results are much lower. Theoretically, the New Zealander is probably capable of setting a world record. But now, when athletes are subject to more and more strict control, it is difficult. I think that it is much easier for Adams to calmly push for 20 meters and emerge victorious than to chase some records, so that later, God forbid, put her name and reputation in jeopardy.

Disk

76,80

Gabriela REINSCH GDR

Neubrandenburg

09.07.1988

Reinsch, then 24, set her world record, which turns 25 this year, on July 9, 1988, during an athletics match between Italy and the GDR. In that season, she improved her personal achievement by almost 10 meters. Paradoxically, in addition to the world record, the highest achievements of the athlete in her career were the 2nd place in the Junior European Championship in the shot put, 2nd place at the Universiade-87 (disc) and 4th - at the European Championship-90 (disc). At the Seoul Olympics, Reinsch remained only seventh with a score of 67.26.

Gabriela almost lost the main sporting achievement of her life. In September of the same 1988, Martina Hellmann showed even more distant throws in the discus throw. But due to the unofficial status of those starts, the world record remained with Reinsch.

Yuri DUMCHEV:

I know that the Germans threw many times in the region of 72-74 m. I myself have repeatedly seen such throws. The female disk is an unpredictable species. I got it right - and that's it!

Of course, 76.80 is a crazy result. To do this, absolutely everything must work out. For example, I had training results when I threw 77 m, and many times, and even 78 m. But this is in training!

Valentin MASLAKOV :

This result is another legacy of the GDR, when everything was done for achievements in sports, and even more. The whole system worked for it. I don't believe Reinsch's record will be beaten. Now even throws over 67 meters are considered a super result.

Heptathlon

7291 points

Jackie JOYNER-KERSEY US

Seoul

24.09.1988

The record breakdown of Joyner-Kersee (26 years old), a representative of the legendary family of American athletics, is as follows: 12.69 (100 m s / b), 1.86 m (height), 15.80 m (core), 22.56 (200 m), 7.27 m (length), 45.66 m (spear), 2.08.51 (800 m). Joyner-Kersee managed to become not only a legendary heptathlete, but also entered her name in the history of the long jump. An outstanding athlete, who managed to become an Olympic champion in two types of programs within the framework of one Games, owns the second result in the history of this type - 7.49 m.

Tatiana LEBEDEVA :

Jackie was very well built, athletic, had excellent speed qualities. And these strengths were developed by training. If the multiathlon has speed, it is good for jumps, hurdles, and other types.

In general, Joyner-Kersee is an ideal for me in terms of long jump technique. We used to try to copy it. She had a three and a half step manner - not every man can do that. In order to successfully accomplish this, a person must fly at least 7 m. I know from myself: when I'm ready for 7 m, I can do it, and when I'm only at 6.60, I already get an incomprehensible flicker. The flight phase is only a fraction of a second shorter, but you no longer have time to collect your legs in order to properly throw them to the landing at the end.

Valentin MASLAKOV :

7291 points is, of course, a very high result. But not so much that he can't be beaten. Our Tatyana Chernova or Englishwoman Jessica Ennis can do it. For example, Chernova puts a 13m shot, but if she put a 16m shot, like some of her rivals, the result would be completely different. I think one day there will definitely be an athlete who can surpass Joyner-Kersee's achievement.

mentioning world record running it is difficult to name any one name, since all achievements are taken into account at different distances and are divided by gender.

As you know, you can run for short and long distances. The situation is not only in the distance, but in the greater predisposition, endurance and fitness of the athlete. Some people are better able to show explosive speed in small races, and someone will be able to withstand multi-kilometer marathon races. Also, endurance and physical performance in men and women differ. It would not be fair to put them on the same start line, so the competitions for men and women are held separately.

The winner can hold the palm indefinitely, until others overtake him. Moreover, he himself can beat his own outstanding result if he shows the best result from regular training at the next competitions.

The most famous world record in the men's 100 meters belongs to Usain Bolt. He repeatedly showed a result inaccessible to other runners. By the way, he also owns the world record for human running speed. During the period of maximum acceleration, it reached 44.71 km / h! If a person were able to run and not get tired, then Bolt would overcome 1000 meters in about a minute and a half.

The 3000 meters race is not as spectacular as the sprint, but takes place mainly as a summing up of intermediate results and preparation for the championships. But even at this distance there are champions. The world record in the men's 3 km run belongs to Daniel Komen from Kenya. He was able to overcome such a distance in 7 minutes and 20.67 seconds.

Only very hardy athletes can withstand marathons. To get closer to them, use in your technique.

Summary report on the results of the championship races

(table)

And in our next article you can read about. Jumping is also included in the athletics block and is included in the Olympic Games.

The 1000m is a popular track and field event. This is an average distance size that is not used in any world class championship. The 1 km race is more often used as a competitive stage at a variety of commercial events.

Conditions for running

The race itself can be held on different types of grounds: outdoor stadiums usually have a circumference of 400 m and the race there is held in 2.5 laps, indoor sports grounds are standardly designed for 200 m laps and usually require a 5-lap race. The size of the circle affects: small circles require special development of balance, because if the athlete runs long enough in a straight line, then a 200-meter circle requires constant readiness to turn.

They depend on the age of the athlete, his main occupation and the goals for which the race is made. Minimum conditions for MSMK: 2.18 min for men and 2.36 min for women. World commercial records go beyond these figures and represent even faster mileage.

Results in running for a distance of 1 km are achieved only through hard training. The athlete must prepare physically, technically and psychologically for a long time and hard. The 1K is the basic distance that many development programs in athletics include. In fact, for athletes, such races are one of the stages of a larger and more serious training program. 1000 m - this, which checks the current ones, but is not used in the European Championships, World Championships and the Olympic Games.

World records in the 1000m

• 

  Svetlana Masterkova

• 

  Kenya Noah Ngeni

• 

  Yusuf Saad Kamel

• 

  John Walker

• 

  Joaquim Cruz

• 

  Rick Volhüter

Significantly exceeded all available standards, the American Rick Wohlhuter: in 1974 he firmly established North American record, which has not been beaten so far, having run 1000 m in 2.13 minutes. The South American record, although it did not exceed Wolhuter's achievement, was practically equal to it: in 1984, Joaquim Cruz in 2.14 minutes in Nice.

The Australians don't bother too much about meeting world standards: their result is by far the slowest. In 1980, Australian John Walker covered the distance in 2.16 minutes at competitions in Oslo. The Asian record is the best updated, having been last set by Bahraini Yusuf Saad Kamel in 2008. He ran the distance in 2.14 minutes.

Read also:

As you know, the main Olympic motto is “faster, higher, stronger!”. First uttered by the French priest Henri Didon and taken up by the founder of the modern Olympic movement, Pierre de Coubertin, it became a reflection of the main goal of all athletes in the world.

Probably, these three words are the best applicable to athletics. Judge for yourself: faster - about running, higher - about jumping, stronger - about throwing (and pushing). And there is a category of people in this sport that corresponded to this motto as much as possible. We are talking about world record holders. And although the IAAF may deprive some of them of such status (), their names are forever inscribed in history.

On the eve of the World Championships in London, XSPORT decided to recall the most famous world records in athletics. Since it is not possible to tell about everyone because of the huge number of disciplines in the “queen of sports”, we decided to single out record records, so we created several nominations. The only note is that our competitive program included achievements only in those events that are included in the program of the Olympic Games and World Cups (in London, for the first time in the history of the world championships, women's 50 km walking competitions will be held, so we are also considering this record).

YOUNGEST RECORD

Here our prize goes to the Polish hammer thrower Anita Wlodarczyk. In total, she beat the world record 6 times, and her last achievement dates back to August 28, 2016. A week after the closing of the Olympic Games in Rio, at which the athlete, by the way, also Wlodarczyk in Native Warsaw at the Kamila Skolimowska Memorial. Polka remains the only girl who managed to cross the 80-meter mark. And what is most interesting, at the same Games in Rio, her result was 4 meters further than that of Dilshod Nazarov, the Olympic champion among men.

The youngest also had every chance of becoming a record Ruth Jebet. On August 27, at the Diamond League stage in Paris, an athlete from Bahrain surpassed the achievement of Gulnara Galkina in the steeplechase,. However, two days later, Wlodarczyk set her next record. At the World Championships in London, Jebet has a chance to get even with Anita, as her final will be 4 days later.

OLDEST RECORD

Yarmila Kratokhvilova reached the peak of her career only at the age of 32. An athlete from the now defunct country of Czechoslovakia has long remained in the shadow of her rivals from the GDR in her favorite distance of 400 meters. In 1983, she came to the tournament in Munich, where she entered the 800-meter race. Yarmila ran two laps around the stadium in a record 1:53:28.

Two weeks later, Kratokhvilova performed at the first ever World Championships in Athletics, which was hosted by Helsinki. In Finland, the Czech, despite an incredibly tight schedule, won gold in both the 400m and 800m. And in the first form, she again broke the world record, becoming the first athlete to run out of 48 seconds (47.99). And although two years later Marita Koch surpassed that achievement (47.60 seconds), no one can surpass the 800-meter record for 34 years, making it the longest-lived.

FASTEST RECORD

At the 2009 World Championships in Berlin Usain Bolt ran a hundred meters in 9.58 seconds. The very next day, experts published data on the speed that the Lightning had developed. He covered the section of 60-80 meters in 1.61 seconds, accelerating in this segment to 44.72 km / h. No one has ever run faster.

SLOWEST RECORD

As we have already said, women's 50 km walking will make its debut at the world championships. This view will be the longest in London. Judge for yourself - the world record for a distance that roughly corresponds to the length of Kyiv from north to south is 4 hours 08 minutes 26 seconds. Its author is Ines Henriquez from Portugal. She established her achievement in the village of Porto de Mos in her homeland. Her average speed was 12 km/h.

THE HIGHEST RECORD

Since we have agreed to consider only the Olympic disciplines, the championship in this nomination goes to our Sergey Bubka. Exactly 23 years ago, in the Italian highlands, the Ukrainian set his last world record in pole vault - 6 m 14 cm. A year earlier, in Donetsk, the Olympic champion of Seoul conquered the bar at a height of 6 m 15 cm. , has always been held at the Druzhba Sports Palace, that is, indoors, and at the Games and World Championships they compete in the open.

Bubka's Donetsk record was broken in 2014 Renault Lavillenie. At the same Stars of the Pole tournament and in front of Sergei Nazarovich himself, the Frenchman conquered 6.16 m. But once again we make a reservation, it was indoors. But Lavillenie's personal record in stadiums is only 6.05 m.

Well, the last thing about this nomination. In 1991, Bubka won the last gold of the World Championship as part of the USSR national team (three more times the athlete won world championships for Ukraine). In Tokyo, he won with a modest result of 5.95 m. But thanks to computers, it was possible to establish that in his winning attempt he jumped with such a margin that he would have conquered the bar at a height of 6.37 m.

LONGEST RECORD

Here you need to tell the backstory. In the mid-1980s, the IAAF had to redesign the men's javelin. The center of gravity was shifted forward, due to which the projectile began to descend earlier than the old version with a center of gravity in the middle. The cause of these changes was Uwe Hohn. In 1984, an athlete from the GDR threw a javelin at 104.80 m, just two meters from the edge of the field. Such distant attempts endangered the safety of other athletes who were on the treadmill.

The projectile was changed, but several years passed, and the IAAF again began to think about the safety of this discipline. On May 25, 1996, at competitions in the German city of Jena, an outstanding Czech Jan Zelezny threw a javelin at 98.48 m. It is this achievement that is listed as the official world record, however, marked "according to the new rules." Uwe Hohn's attempt at 104.80 meters remains the furthest.

MOST SENSATIONAL RECORD

This is, of course, the most subjective nomination in our rating. And the championship here gets a record set at the Olympic Games in Rio. The men's 400-meter final did not have a clear favorite. Before the start kierani James, LaShawn Merritt And Weide van Niekerk in equally viewed as contenders for gold. However, what the latter did was a real sensation. The South African gave a phenomenal run and that lasted 17 years. Moreover, van Niekerk took off 15 hundredths from the result of the famous American. And in general, he almost ran out of 43 seconds - the chronometers recorded the result of 43.03 seconds.

Vaide is generally a unique athlete. He is the only track and field athlete in history to run out of 10 seconds in the 100m (9.98 seconds), 20 seconds in the 200m (19.84 seconds) and 44 seconds in the 400m. It's funny that the athlete himself does not really like the last distance. Once he stated that.

THE MOST OFFENSIVE RECORD

Kendra Harrison failed to qualify for the 2016 Rio Olympics in the 100m hurdles. At the national qualifying tournament in the United States, the American showed only the fourth result. There were only three trips to Brazil. For the athlete, this was a real blow. She was able to vent all her anger at the Diamond League stage in London, which took place a month before the 2016 Games. Harrison not only outstripped her teammates, but also. Kendra covered the distance in 12.20 seconds. But I still didn't go to Brazil.

MOST TRAGIC RECORD

It's not often that world records are set at small local tournaments. But the achievement of the American Florence Griffith-Joyner is just one of those. On one of the July days of 1988, at the qualifying competitions for the Olympic Games, held in Indianapolis, she ran 100 meters in 10.49 seconds and broke the world record. And she did it at the stage of 1/4 finals. On the same day, but a little earlier, Florence covered the same distance in 10.60 seconds. But that time, which at that time was the fastest in history, was not counted as a record due to a strong tailwind. Interestingly, already in the quarter-finals, Griffith-Joyner ran with almost still air.

At the 1988 Games in Seoul, for which the athlete was successfully selected, she won three gold medals - in the 100-meter, 200-meter and 4x100-meter relay. Moreover, she overcame 200 meters with a world record, which also holds to this day (21.34 seconds).

Tragic all the achievements of Griffith-Joyner made her further fate. Already in 1989, the athlete at the peak of her fame left professional sports. Even before this event, many colleagues and experts said that Florence was doping, and after the sudden end of her career, these conversations became more frequent. In 1990, the athlete began to have health problems, heart attacks appeared. The sudden death of Griffith-Joyner at the age of 38 only added to the suspicion. However, her name is still on the list of world record holders. And in those types that are considered elite in athletics.

RECORDSMAN ON RECORDS

Another nomination, in which the palm receives Sergey Bubka. The Ukrainian pole vaulter became the first to reach the 6-meter bar. In total, the current NOC president has broken world records 35 times. And of course, you can complain about the fact that each time he added one centimeter to the previous accomplishment. But just think about this number. For comparison, Yelena Isinbaeva, who also vaulted with a pole, stopped at around 20 world records.

OUR RECORDS

Another nomination for Sergei Bubka. But here he has to share the prize with two more colleagues. We talked a lot about achieving a pole vaulter above, but about Inessa Kravets until they spoke. The athlete, who was born in Dnipro, specialized in the triple jump, which brought our country three Olympic awards (1 gold and 2 bronze). Kravets set her world record at the World Championships in Gothenburg in 1995. In the third attempt of the final, she landed at around 15.50 meters with a tailwind of 0.9 m/s. A year later, Inessa became the first woman to win Olympic gold in the triple jump.

Partly ours can be considered Yuri Sedykh. A native of the city of Novocherkassk, Rostov region, is a pupil of the Kyiv school of hammer throwing. In 1986, at the European Championship, he sent a projectile to the mark of 86.74 m, and since then no one has surpassed the achievement of the two-time world champion.

BONUS RECORD

Here we just want to tell a beautiful story associated with the name Bob Beamon. His long jump record ceased to be relevant back in 1991. However, at the Olympic Games in Mexico City in 1968, he shocked the whole world. The American completed the run and landed at around 8.90 meters (the current highest achievement of Mike Powell is only 5 cm further). He broke the previous world record by as much as 55 cm. Lynn Davis, who defended the Olympic title, approached Beamon and said: "You destroyed this discipline."

When the stadium announcer announced the figures, the culprit himself fell to his knees, covered his face with his hands and could not get up without outside help. Interestingly, the automatic range meters that existed at that time were not designed for such a result, and the distance had to be measured manually. After that event, a new adjective beamonesque appeared in the English language, which means some unthinkable feat.

Scientists have found explanations for Beamon's record. Firstly, the competitions were held at a considerable height above sea level, which, due to the characteristics of the air, contributed to long jumps. After that, the elite level tournaments were not held so high. Secondly, a strong tailwind helped Bob, and his strength was the maximum of the permissible ones - about 2 m / s. Well, after the jump of the American, a heavy downpour began, which created not the most favorable conditions for the rest of the participants. However, all these factors do not make that Binom record less legendary.

In recent years, breaking world records has become commonplace. For example, in 2016 this was done five times. Often the highest achievements are celebrated at major tournaments. At the Olympic Games of different years, nine current world records were set, and eight at the World Championships. Therefore, at the upcoming World Cup in London, we may well see the WR mark in front of some result. Moreover, 13 world record holders will perform in London.

Current record holders who will compete at the 2017 World Cup:

• Usain Bolt, Jamaica (100m - 9.58s, 200m - 19.19s),
• Weide van Niekerk, South Africa (400 m - 43.03),
• Aris Merritt, USA (110m S/W – 12.80),
• Yoann Dini, France (50 km walk - 3:32.33),
• Kendra Harrison, USA (100 m s / w - 12.20 s),
• Genzebe Dibaba, Ethiopia (1500 m - 3:50.07),
• Tirunesh Dibaba, Ethiopia (5000 m - 14:11.15),
• Ayana Diamond, Ethiopia (10,000 m - 29:17.45),
• Ruth Zhebet, Bahrain (3000m steeplechase - 8:52.78),
• Liu Hong, China (walking 20 km - 1:24.38),
• Ines Henriques, Portugal (walking 50 km - 4:08.26),
• Anita Wlodarczyk, Poland (hammer throw - 82.98 m),
• Barbora Shpotakova, Czech Republic (javelin throw - 72.28 m).

Marathons are not uncommon among a large number of sports competitions. They are attended by both professional athletes and experienced, as well as amateur athletes. How did the marathon distance appear and for how many days in a row can it be overcome?

What is the history of the emergence of the marathon over 42 kilometers long, and what are the current ones for women and men? Who are the top ten fastest marathon runners and what are the interesting facts about the 42 km marathon? As well as tips on preparing and overcoming a marathon, read in this article.

History of the 42 km marathon

The marathon is the Olympic discipline of athletics, the length of the marathon is 42 kilometers, 195 meters (or 26 miles, 395 yards). At the Olympic Games, men have been competing in this discipline since 1896, and women since 1984.

As a rule, marathons are held on the highway, although sometimes this word means running competitions for long distances over rough terrain, as well as in extreme conditions (sometimes distances can be different). Another popular running distance is the half-marathon.

Antiquity times

According to the legend, Phidippides, a warrior from Greece, in 490 BC, after the battle of Marathon, made a run without stopping to Athens in order to notify his fellow tribesmen of the victory.

When he ran to Athens, he fell dead, but still managed to shout: "Rejoice, Athenians, we won!" This legend was first described by Plutarch in his work The Glory of Athens, more than half a millennium after the real events.

According to another version (Herodotus narrates about it), Pheidippides was a messenger. He was sent by the Athenians to the Spartans for reinforcements, ran more than 230 kilometers in two days. However, his marathon was unsuccessful ...

Nowadays

The Frenchman Michel Breal came up with the idea to organize a marathon race. He dreamed that this distance was included in the program of the Olympic Games in 1896 in Athens - the first in modern times. The Frenchman's idea appealed to Pierre de Coubertin, who was the founder of the modern Olympic Games.

The first qualifying marathon was eventually held in Greece, with Charilaos Vassilakos winning the race in three hours and eighteen minutes. And the Greek Spiridon Louis became the Olympic champion, having overcome the marathon distance in two hours, fifty-eight minutes and fifty seconds. Interestingly, on the way he stopped to have a glass of wine with his uncle.

The participation of women in the marathon during the Olympic Games took place for the first time at the games in Los Angeles (USA) - this was in 1984.

marathon distance

At the first Olympic Games in 1896, the marathon was forty kilometers (24.85 miles) long. Then it changed, and from 1924 it became 42.195 kilometers (26.22 miles) - this was established by the International Amateur Athletics Federation (modern IAAF).

Olympic discipline

The men's marathon has been the final track and field athletics program since the first modern Olympic Games. Marathon runners finished at the main Olympic stadium, either a few hours before the closing of the games, or at the same time as the closing.

Current world records

In men

The world record for the men's marathon is held by Kenyan Dennis Kimetto.

He ran a distance of 42 kilometers and 195 meters in two hours, two minutes and fifty seconds. This was in 2014.

Among women

The world women's championship belongs to British athlete Paul Radcliffe. In 2003, she ran a marathon in two hours, fifteen minutes, twenty-five seconds.

In 2012, Kenyan runner Mary Keitany attempted to break the record but failed. She ran the marathon slower than Paula Radcliffe by more than three minutes.

Top 10 fastest male marathon runners

The favorites here are mainly athletes from Kenya, as well as Ethiopia.

1. Runner out Kenya Dennis Kimetto. He ran the Berlin Marathon on September 28, 2014 in 2 hours 2 minutes and 57 seconds.
2. Runner out Ethiopian Kenenisa Bekele. He ran the Berlin Marathon on September 25, 2016 in 2 hours 3 minutes 3 seconds.
3. Kenyan runner Eliud Kipchoge ran the London Marathon on 24 April 2016 in 2 hours 3 minutes and 5 seconds.
4. Kenyan runner Emmanuel Mutai ran the Berlin Marathon on September 28, 2014 in 2 hours 3 minutes and 13 seconds.
5. Kenyan runner Wilson Kipsang ran the Berlin Marathon on September 29, 2013 in 2 hours 3 minutes and 23 seconds.
6. Kenyan runner Patrick Makau ran the Berlin Marathon on September 25, 2011 in 2 hours 3 minutes and 38 seconds.
7. Kenyan runner Stanley Biwott ran the London Marathon on 24 April 2016 in 2 hours 3 minutes and 51 seconds.
8. Ethiopian runner completes Berlin Marathon in 2 hours 3 minutes and 59 seconds September 28, 2008.
9. Kenyan runner Elihu dKipchoge ran the Berlin Marathon in 2 hours, 4 minutes September 27, 2015.
10. Closes the top ten runner from Kenya, Jeffrey Mutai, who completed the Berlin Marathon on September 30, 2012 in 2 hours 4 minutes and 15 seconds.

Ten fastest women marathon runners

1. In 2 hours 15 minutes and 25 seconds, an athlete from the UK Paula Radcliffe ran the London Marathon on April 13, 2003.
2. In 2 hours 18 minutes and 37 seconds, the runner from Kenya Mary Keitani ran the London Marathon on April 22, 2012.
3. In 2 hours 18 minutes and 47 seconds, a Kenyan runner Catherine Ndereba ran the Chicago Marathon on October 7, 2001.
4. Ethiopian in 2 hours 18 minutes 58 seconds Tiki Gelana completed the Rotterdam Marathon on April 15, 2012.
5. Japanese woman in 2 hours 19 minutes 12 seconds Mizuki Noguchi ran September 25, 2005 Berlin Marathon
6. In 2 hours 19 minutes 19 seconds, an athlete from Germany, Irina Mikitenko, ran the Berlin Marathon on September 28, 2008.
7. In 2 hours 19 minutes 25 seconds Kenyan Gladys Cherono overcame the Berlin Marathon on September 27, 2015.
8. In 2 hours 19 minutes 31 seconds, a runner from Ethiopian Aselefesh Mergia ran the Dubai Marathon on January 27, 2012.
9. In 2 hours 19 minutes and 34 seconds, a runner from Kenya Lucy Kabuu completed the Dubai Marathon on January 27, 2012.
10. Rounding out the top 10 female marathon runners Dina Castor from the USA, who ran the London Marathon on 23 April 2006 in 2:19.36.

• Overcoming a running distance of 42 kilometers 195 meters is the third stage in the Ironman triathlon competition.
• The marathon distance can be covered both during competitive and amateur races.
• So, in 2003, Ranulph Fiennes from Great Britain ran seven marathons in seven days on seven different continents and parts of the world.

• Belgian citizen Stefaan Engels decided in 2010 that he would run a marathon every day of the year, but he got injured in January, so he started all over again in February.
• On March 30, the Belgian beat Spaniard Ricardo Abad Martinez, who ran 150 marathons in the same number of days in 2009. As a result, by February 2011, in a year, 49-year-old Stefan Engels overcame 365 marathons. On average, he spent four hours on the marathon and showed a best result of two hours and 56 minutes.

• Johnny Kelly ran the Boston Marathon more than sixty times between 1928 and 1992, finishing 58 times and winning twice (in 1935 and 1945)
• December 31, 2010 55-year-old Canadian citizen Martin Parnell ran 250 marathons during the year. During this time, he stopped 25 pairs of sneakers. Also, sometimes he had to run at temperatures below minus thirty degrees.
• According to scientists from Spain, the bones of marathon runners do not undergo aging and destruction for a long time in old age, unlike other people.
• Russian runner Sergei Burlakov, who had both legs and arms amputated, competed in the 2003 New York City Marathon. He became the world's first marathon runner with a quadruple amputation.
• The world's oldest marathon runner is Indian citizen Fauja Singh. He entered the Guinness Book of Records when he ran a marathon at the age of 100 in 8:11:06 in 2011. Now the athlete is over a hundred years old.
• Australian farmer Cliff Young won the ultramarathon in 1961, despite the fact that he participated in it for the first time. The runner covered 875 km in five days, fifteen hours and four minutes. He moved at a slow pace, at first far behind the rest, but eventually left behind professional athletes. He succeeded in this later, that he moved without sleep (this became a habit with him, since as a farmer he worked for several days in a row - he collected sheep in pastures).
• UK runner Steve Chalk raised £2m, the largest charity donation in marathon history. This happened during the London Marathon in April 2011.
• Brian Price, 44, took part in the marathon less than a year after undergoing heart transplant surgery.
• Swedish radio operator Andre Kelberg overcame the marathon distance, moving along the deck of the Sotello ship. In total, he ran 224 laps on the ship, spending four hours and four minutes on it.
• American runner Margaret Hagerty started running at the age of 72. By the age of 81, she had already participated in marathons on all seven continents of the world.
• British runner Lloyd Scott completed the 202 London Marathon wearing a diving suit weighing 55 kilograms. He spent about five days on this, setting a world record for the slowest marathon run. In 2011, he took part in a marathon dressed as a snail, spending 26 days running.
• Ethiopian athlete Abebe Bakila won the Rome Marathon in 1960. Interestingly, he covered the entire distance barefoot.
• As a rule, a professional marathon runner runs a marathon at a speed of 20 km / h, which is twice as fast as the migration of reindeer and saigas.

Marathon running standards

For women

for a marathon with a distance of 42 kilometers 195 meters for women are as follows:

• Master of Sports of International Class (MSMK) - 2:35.00;
• Master of Sports (MS) - 2:48.00;
• Candidate Master of Sports (CMS) - 3:00.00;
• 1st category - 3:12.00;
• 2nd category - 3:30.00;
• 3rd category - Zak.Dist.

For men

The discharge standards for running a marathon with a distance of 42 kilometers 195 meters for men are as follows:

• International Master of Sports (MSMK) - 2:13.30;
• Master of Sports (MS) - 2:20.00;
• Candidate Master of Sports (CMS) - 2:28.00;
• 1st category - 2:37.00;
• 2nd category - 2:48.00;
• 3rd category - Zak.Dist.

How to prepare for a marathon in order to run it in the minimum amount of time?

Training mode

The most important thing is regular training, which you need to start at least three months before the competition.

If your goal is to run a marathon in three hours, then you need to run at least five hundred kilometers during training in the last month. It is advisable to train as follows: three days of training, one day - rest.

vitamins and diet

As vitamins and trace elements are required to use:

• multivitamins,
• calcium,
• magnesium.

Also, before the marathon, you can try the popular "protein" diet, and a week before the competition, stop eating foods that contain carbohydrates. At the same time, three days before the marathon, you need to exclude foods containing proteins and eat foods containing carbohydrates.

Equipment

• The main thing is to choose comfortable and lightweight running shoes, the so-called "marathon shoes".
• Places where friction may occur can be smeared with petroleum jelly or baby-type oil.
• It is better to give preference to high-quality clothes made of synthetic materials.
• If the marathon takes place on a sunny day, a headgear will be required, as well as a protective cream with a filter of at least 20-30.

• Set a goal - and clearly go to it. For example, determine the time it will take you to cover the distance, as well as the average time.
• You don't need to start fast - this is one of the common mistakes of all newcomers. Better distribute your forces evenly.
• Remember: running to the finish line is a worthy goal for a beginner.
• During the marathon itself, you should definitely drink - either clean water or energy drinks.
• A variety of fruits, such as apples, bananas or citrus fruits, as well as dried fruits and nuts, will help replenish strength. Energy bars will also come in handy.

42 km marathon - records and interesting facts

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