Anatoly Arkadyevich Kharlampiev(October 29, 1906, Smolensk, Russia - April 16, 1979, Moscow, USSR) - researcher of martial arts and national types of wrestling of the peoples of the USSR, one of the founders of sambo wrestling, Honored Master of Sports of the USSR, Honored Trainer of the USSR.

Biography

Grandfather A. A. Kharlampiev - Georgy Yakovlevich Kharlampiev - was a gymnast and fist fighter. For many years he collected, studied and classified various methods of hand-to-hand combat, wrestling and self-defense. There are legends about his strength: he tore three-kopeck coins with his fingers; stopped the trio of horses that had run away (in the carriage of which was his future wife), etc.

Father - Arkady Georgievich Kharlampiev (1888-1936) - graduated with honors from the Academy of Arts and was sent to Paris to continue his studies at public expense. After some time, due to lack of funds to continue his studies, he began to perform in the professional European ring. Soon he became the champion of France, and then - of Europe (in the absolute category). Returning to Russia, Arkady Georgievich began to popularize boxing. He is considered one of the founders of the Russian boxing school.

From early childhood, Anatoly Arkadyevich was trained by his grandfather and father. Already at the age of 6, he performed in the trapeze act under the dome of the circus. At sixteen, he was a fairly versatile athlete and a well-trained wrestler and boxer.

Creation of sambo wrestling

A. A. Kharlampiev devoted his life to the creation and development of a new applied sport - sambo wrestling. From the beginning of the 1920s, he began to collect and systematize folk games containing wrestling techniques; since 1934 - to describe and classify sports and combat techniques. In 1936 he graduated from the State Central Institute of Physical Education Order of Lenin (judo department of Vasily Sergeevich Oshchepkov). Since 1935, Anatoly Arkadyevich conducted judo training at the Moscow Wings of the Soviets Sports Palace. Member of the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945). From 1945 to 1952 he worked as a senior coach of the Dynamo Central Council. Since 1953 - Associate Professor of the Department of Physical Education of the Moscow Power Engineering Institute.

His predecessors in the creation of a new national type of wrestling in clothes (including the most effective means from other types of wrestling) were Viktor Afanasyevich Spiridonov and Vasily Sergeevich Oshchepkov (whose student was Anatoly Arkadyevich). And each of his predecessors, and Anatoly Arkadievich saw the object of creation in different ways.

A. A. Kharlampiev created a sambo system, including a sports subsystem (which is the foundation) and a combat subsystem (which was considered as a target applied superstructure). The sports subsystem eventually became known as sambo wrestling (or simply sambo), and the combat subsystem - combat sambo. Anatoly Arkadievich paid special attention to the foundation of the SAMBO system, did everything possible for the development of SAMBO wrestling as a mass sport. He was sure that only those who had mastered the sport of sambo well could be successful in combat sambo.

Creating his own sambo system, A. A. Kharlampiev carefully studied judo and mastered it in practice. In judo, he saw the foundation of a new type of wrestling in clothes, enriched with the most effective techniques of other types of wrestling. He mastered judo under the guidance of Vasily Sergeevich Oshchepkov, who, during his many years in Japan, trained at the Kodokan judo school.

During the years of work as a teacher of physical culture at the Communist University of the Workers of the East (KUTV) and the Society of Builders of the International Red Stadium (OSMKS), A. A. Kharlampiev continued to study various types of wrestling.

Quite a few professional revolutionaries from Asian countries (China, Mongolia, etc.) gathered at the KUTV. Some of them had a good command of the techniques of martial arts, and Anatoly Arkadyevich did not miss any opportunity to learn in practice (in a fight or show) new wrestling techniques for himself. In his fighting arsenal there were both English boxing techniques and fencing techniques. The fact that he was a good acrobat and climber also contributed to the development of new techniques.

Anatoly Kharlampiev managed to create a combat system capable of making a superhero out of a simple Soviet citizen. Having absorbed all the best, sambo has become our answer to judo, karate and boxing. An answer that is understandable without any words.

Kharlampiev family

The surname Kharlampiev is translated from Greek as "shining light". The grandfather of Anatoly Kharlampiev, Georgy, conscientiously rose to the rank of court adviser, was a respected person in society and a real strong man.

Georgy Yakovlevich, an outstanding gymnast and fist fighter, has been collecting, analyzing, systematizing, classifying information about various combat techniques, types of struggle and self-defense for decades.
There is information about the fantastically incredible strength of Kharlampiev Sr.: they say he could break a three-kopeck coin with his fingers! Also, the Kharlampiev family tradition says that once a young Georgy Yakovlevich, with his bare hands, single-handedly stopped a trio of rushing horses, thereby preventing an imminent catastrophe. The saved woman, unable to resist the crushing power of the charm of the handsome strong man Kharlampiev, became his wife.

In the book of Eduard Khrutsky "This Furious Russian", it is said that physical exercises were of great importance in the Kharlampiev family, Georgy Kharlampiev raised his son Arkady in strict discipline, conducted athletic classes with him. The Kharlampievs took part in fisticuffs on the banks or on the ice of the Dnieper. Georgy Kharlampiev did not position himself as a fighter, at that time all physically developed people were simply called gymnasts.

Anatoly Kharlampiev's father also excelled in the boxing field. After graduating with honors from the Academy of Arts, Arkady Grigoryevich went to Paris to continue his studies. After some time, he lost his livelihood and, in order not to give up his studies, entered the professional boxing ring under the pseudonym Charles Lampier. (fortunately, hereditary power was passed on to him), where he became the absolute champion of France and Europe. After returning to Russia after some time, Arkady Georgievich Kharlampiev founded the Russian, and then the Soviet school of boxing.
Developing boxing, he taught at the central police school and other educational institutions, co-wrote boxing textbooks with Gretier and Gradopolov, calling it "the noble art of self-defense."

A worthy son and grandson

Anatoly Kharlampiev was thus a hereditary fighter. His grandfather, a strongman and father, a boxer, raised the child from early childhood in an atmosphere of respect for athleticism and hard work. At the age of six, the future "father of sambo" performed in the circus, performing gymnastic somersaults under the dome of the arena.

At the age of 16, he was already a versatile athlete, while still at school he was engaged in power athletics, gymnastics, wrestling, boxing, and mountaineering. However, Anatoly Kharlampiev was not just a strongman and athlete, but he was also keenly interested in art, studied painting, sculpture, and studied at a music college. However, martial arts still remain his true passion. After school, Anatoly Kharlampiev completed courses for sports instructors and began working in the Society of Builders of the International Red Stadium and the Red University of Workers of the East (KUTV) as a teacher of physical education. At the same time, Kharlampiev met Nikolai Podvoisky, chairman of the Sportintern, who "thrown" him the idea of ​​​​creating a universal freestyle wrestling. Apparently, then Kharlampiev "fired up."

KUTV gathered Far Eastern revolutionaries under its vaults. Among them were people from Mongolia, China and other countries who mastered national martial arts, in which the physical education teacher Kharlamov regularly practiced without leaving the gym of the educational institution. "Caught" among the students and the Tatars, with whom Anatoly improved in the national Tatar belt wrestling. He also perfectly mastered the techniques of French wrestling, English and French boxing, ran excellently, fenced, was a high-class acrobat and climber. He was personally acquainted with such outstanding wrestlers as Bull, Spool, Poddubny and others. Traditional for Kharlampiev were trips to the republics of Central Asia and the Caucasus, where he studied national types of martial arts.

He not only studied the methods of wrestling, but also fought himself - sometimes for many hours in a row. The fighter weighed 72 kg, but, being a great master, he often defeated opponents 2 times heavier than himself! The motives of these eastern travels of Anatoly Arkadyevich Kharlampiev inspired the creation in 1983 of a feature film - an action movie with Andrei Rostotsky in the title role. The protagonist of the tape - Andrey Khromov (the prototype of Anatoly Kharlampiev), is obsessed with the idea of ​​​​creating self-defense without weapons ... Getting into many difficult situations, the master gets out of them with honor.

teachers

Until now, when Kharlampiev is called the "father of sambo", heated debates flare up on the Internet about his "paternity". Kharlampiev's teacher was a friend of his father, Vasily Oshchepkov. He was a real "locomotive" for the development of martial arts in Russia. In 1913, Oshchepkov graduated from the Kudokan school in Japan, he studied with Jigoro Kano himself and became the third European to receive a second dan in judo. In Russia, Oshchepkov opened a judo school, taught hand-to-hand combat to policemen and soldiers of the Red Army, and held tournaments.

However, Oshchepkov not only promoted judo, but also went further: he introduced the Russian names of techniques, replaced the bow with a handshake before and after the fight, introduced weight categories and "wrestlers", changed the cover of the jacket and introduced techniques from the national types of wrestling that he studied into the judo arsenal. traveling through the republics of the Union. Oshchepkov can indeed be considered one of the patriarchs of sambo, but not a father, but rather a "grandfather". Anatoly Kharlampiev systematized the techniques of Soviet freestyle wrestling in clothes (as sambo was originally called).

Even during his work at the Red University of the Workers of the East, Kharlampiev got the opportunity to study various martial arts techniques, as students from different parts of the country studied at the educational institution: from Central Asia, from Siberia, from the Far East. There were also foreigners - Mongols, Chinese.

Later, Kharlampiev, like Oshchepkov, began to travel around the regions, to the Caucasian and Asian republics, he himself participated in fights, never getting tired of mastering new tricks. About this period of his life in 1983, the film "Invincible" was shot, in which the role of Kharlampiev was played by Andrei Rostotsky. By 1936, when Kharlampiev defended his diploma, he had already collected more than 1000 tricks from different types of wrestling.
Immediately after the start of World War II, Kharlampiev volunteered for the front. Having ended the war in the troops that defeated the Kwantung Army, he also learned to fight from Japanese prisoners, in whose convoy there were about a dozen tatami. Starting to fight as a simple soldier, Kharlampiev was demobilized with the rank of senior lieutenant, and earned orders and medals.

open system

Unlike all traditional martial arts, sambo is still an open system. The initial impetus for development was given by judo, but sambo quickly outgrew it, including in its arsenal not only techniques from national types of wrestling (kuresh, chidaoba and others), but also techniques of army combat systems. In the early 60s, on the eve of the Tokyo Olympics, the best judokas of Japan arrived in the USSR for the first time with their coaches. When they got acquainted with Soviet sambists, they had no doubts - sambo is a fundamentally new system.

In the 50s, the Japanese awarded Kharlampiev an honorary eighth dan in judo, which was simply unthinkable for a non-Japanese. Over the years of his coaching activity (only at MPEI Kharlamipiev taught for 25 years), he trained 70 masters of sports. In 1961, judo was included in the program of the Olympic Games, sambists began to leave sambo for judo, which, of course, could not please Anatoly Kharlampiev, but this “outcome” showed how versatile sambo is. This is also proved by the successes of Russian sambo masters in mixed martial arts competitions.
Kharlampiev was devoted to sambo, putting his whole self into its development. Even when sambo became a popular sport (it was even included in the TRP-2 standards) and there was not enough space in the halls, Kharlampiev did not refuse anyone. The first training with the master began at 9 am, the last at 9 pm.
Kharlampiev himself did not demand anything for his achievements for himself and his family, for a long time he lived in a communal apartment. One room was for him both a bedroom, an office, and a kitchen.
The "father of sambo" died in 1979, leaving behind a school, masters and a new effective type of martial arts.

The grave of A. Kharlampiev at the Novodevichy cemetery.

Sambo

Combat Sambo. The story of Anatoly Kharlampiev, the creator of sambo

Kharlampiev Anatoly Arkadyevich (10/29/1906-04/16/1979) - researcher of national types of wrestling of the peoples of the USSR, the founder of sambo wrestling was born on October 29, 1906 in Smolensk. His father and grandfather were outstanding athletes. Grandfather - Georgy Yakovlevich Kharlampiev was an excellent gymnast and fist fighter. For many years he collected, studied and classified various methods of combat, struggle and self-defense. He was incredibly strong physically.Father - Arkady Georgievich Kharlampiev graduated with honors from the Academy of Arts and was sent to study in Paris at public expense. After some time, he was left without funds, and in order to continue his studies, he began to perform in a professional European ring. Soon he became the champion of France, and then of Europe in the absolute category. Returning to Russia, over time, he became the founder of the Russian, and then the Soviet school of boxing.At the age of six, Anatoly Arkadyevich, who was trained by both his grandfather and father, performed in aerial gymnastics under the dome of the circus. At the age of sixteen, he was already a mature fighter and a very versatile athlete. Then, in 1922, the famous revolutionary and military leader of the period of the civil war, Nikolai Ilyich Podvoisky, fascinated him with the idea of ​​developing a universal struggle. At that time, Kharlampiev worked at the Red University of the Workers of the East (KUTV) and the Society of Builders of the International Red Stadium (OSMKS) as a teacher of physical education; he also worked part-time in one of the Moscow theaters, teaching artists how to move.

Professional revolutionaries from the countries of the Far East, including China and Mongolia, gathered at the KUTV. Many of them mastered martial arts, and Anatoly Arkadyevich had the opportunity to practice with them regularly. He also fought with the Tatars (national belt wrestling). Even before that, he had mastered French wrestling, English and French boxing to perfection; fenced, ran, was a magnificent acrobat. I personally knew such outstanding fighters as Poddubny, Bul, etc. He was a high-class climber.For a number of years, Anatoly Arkadyevich traveled annually to the Central Asian and Caucasian republics, where national types of wrestling were still preserved. He studied them, systematized the techniques and methods of training, for which he fought in competitions himself, sometimes for many hours in a row. Weighing 72 kg, using his skill, he sometimes defeated fighters twice as heavy as him.Based on these travels, A.A. Kharlampiev in the early 1980s, the film "Invincible" was shot with the participation of Andrei Rostotsky.In 1936, Kharlampiev defended his thesis at the Moscow Institute of Physical Education, in which he described all the techniques he had collected, as well as techniques from a number of literary sources.In 1938, sambo wrestling gained official status, and Kharlampiev headed the Sambo Federation. In the very first days of the Great Patriotic War, Kharlampiev volunteered for the front; his service has been recognized with many awards. Having ended the war in the troops that defeated the Kwantung Army, he learned to wrestle already from the Japanese themselves, in whose convoy there were ten mats for judo.After the war, he continued his work on the spread and development of sambo. Already after leaving the post of head of the federation, Kharlampiev remained the generally recognized leader of this struggle and had unquestioned authority in this area.In the 1950s, the Japanese awarded Kharlampiev an honorary eighth dan in judo, which was considered simply impossible for a non-Japanese in those days.In the USSR, Kharlampiev had the title of Honored Master of Sports and Honored Coach of the USSR.

The first time I saw Anatoly Arkadyevich Kharlampiev was in 1962. At that time, Anatoly Arkadyevich headed all Russian and all Soviet sambo, but since he was in charge of the department of physical education at MPEI, he was without fail present at all the championships of the Central and Russian Councils of the DSO "Burevestnik". The fact that he was absent in some cases meant that he was unwell, or for some other very good reason.

My first meeting with him, a meeting without meeting him, happened in Saratov at the Russian Sambo Championship.

Sambo was just rising then, and judging was almost universally weak. There were real judges only in Moscow, in Leningrad, and then only a few, a small elite group, primarily from carpet veterans, from those who themselves left the big sambo. These first judges, from whom I later studied - such as Vladimir Malakhovskiy, Yuri Sahakyan, Vladimir Snastin - they were very young. We once talked with Vladimir Snastin - he remembers the episodes of that Saratov championship, and remembers about the same as I do, despite the fact that we were then in different roles. He was already a judge, and I am a beginner sambo wrestler and a student. Vladimir Snastin also notes that then, in the early sixties, on the one hand, there were many illiterate judges who did not know how to correctly evaluate the actions of athletes on the carpet, and on the other hand, there were many who judged biasedly, in favor of some of their teams or participants.

And Anatoly Arkadyevich Kharlampiev in life - as far as I knew him myself and according to the reviews of his associates - is a man of strong temper, a model of rigidity, maximalism and, of course, an indisputable authority in sambo.

The case about which I want to tell so characterizes it. So, there is a fight on three mats at the same time. Kharlampiev, being the chief judge of the championship, stops one fight, calls the judges, explains something to them. Then he stops another, third. The judges are worried, and it is clear that they do not really agree with him. And when the whole trio of judges incorrectly evaluate some action of a wrestler, it ends with the hand being raised not to the one who is really the winner. Kharlampiev becomes indignant, takes the microphone and loudly orders the whole hall: “Stop the competition on all carpets! Due to the illiteracy and bias of refereeing, the team of judges of such and such a carpet is removed. I will judge myself!

He invites the next couple to the carpet, they shake hands, and he alone - not three people, as written in the rules - and he alone judges directly from his table, also comments: “The wrestler with the red belt makes such and such a movement. Such and such a movement is evaluated according to the rules in such and such a way! The wrestler with the red belt gets one point! A wrestler with a blue belt counterattacks ... ".

Thus, he had several fights. After such an impromptu refereeing seminar, he allowed the fight to continue. But first he called the judges and had a short talk with them. I was nearby and heard about what. He said that those found to be judging in bad faith would be sent home and would never again be called as judges.

The competition continued. According to my observations, those who did not judge too competently judged in much the same way, but the one who judged biased further beware. It was noticeable that refereeing immediately improved and became more fair.

I still hear in my ears his old man's corrosive voice: "I will judge myself!". That's how I remember him then. He is not tall, without vegetation on his head, only a gray corolla remained behind, plump, round, with a decent tummy. However, mobile, like mercury, walks smartly and is moving. Everything has a temperament.

But when I really got to know him, I remember that I was even surprised by his physical capabilities.

A few years later, maybe even ten years later, I came to a coaching seminar in Moscow. Sparta had just been organized, I was a young novice coach, full of ideas and plans for the future. A sambo wrestler, in its purest form, a sambo wrestler, wholly conquered by this sport. And judo then made the first steps in our country. Officially, it has not happened yet, but our sambo wrestlers have begun to travel abroad for judo competitions and perform well there. Later, when judo was included in the program of the Olympic Games, they simply and frankly put pressure on us, trying to turn everything sambist into judo all at once. And then it was unobtrusive, barely noticeable. In those days, going abroad was very difficult. It was perceived as a great gift of fate, and was the blue dream of almost every sports boss. Sambo was then a national, intra-union sport, you can’t train abroad for sambo. However, judo sambists began to show excellent results. So on this humpbacked horse you can travel abroad. Sports officials and even some coaches of the highest echelon got their bearings very quickly. What to regret about sambo? If we were able to create such a strong school of sambo wrestlers, and if there is such a sport in the world as judo, and if sambo wrestlers perform well in this judo, then why not rip off the jackets from the leading sambo wrestlers, put them in kimonos and not ride at the head of a delegation abroad?!

Many people were like that. Including some like-minded people and associates of Kharlampiev. And what about Kharlampiev? Sambo-sambo, walks along one plate, sees nothing but, and a person is always looking for where it is better, and life is one, and one must receive all sorts of pleasures from life. What can sambo give? It is still unknown when it will turn into an international sport, but with judoists today you can go out and have some tidbits from it!

This is where all the disagreements in our sambo world came from: some people began to maneuver, began to switch arrows to judo even when it was not yet Olympic, but it was already possible to leave.

I received a call for this SAMBO seminar signed by Kharlampiev, I arrived, and the seminar is led by the Deputy Chairman of the Russian Sambo Federation Lev Borisovich Turin, a wonderful person, an authoritative trainer, a great specialist and organizer. Such big people in the sambo world as Stanislav Ionov, Fedor Ionov, as the current president of the World SAMBO Federation Mikhail Tikhomirov are all Lev Turin's pupils. I, like our entire sambo world, highly appreciate this person, but that seminar unpleasantly surprised me by the fact that everything there was somehow turned towards judo. Seminar on sambo, but no manuals, no rules. And in judo - here they are! Printed out, copied from some unknown originals. Then we are told that tatami can be purchased there, kimono - there. What about jackets and sambovkas? There's a hitch here. It seems to be difficult, it seems that no one produces them with us. You might think that someone produced tatami and kimonos then!

I spent a day or two at the seminar, I see - more of a seminar on judo than on sambo. But I'm a sambist! Worried. I am indignant. I'm waiting for Kharlampiev to come. And he is not and is not. I ask Turin, and he answers me that Anatoly Arkadyevich will not participate in this seminar for health reasons.

I found out Kharlampiev's home phone number, found an automatic machine, I called Anatoly Arkadyevich. And I hear this characteristic sonorous old voice on the other end of the wire: “Yes. I'm listening". - "Anatoly Arkadyevich?" - "Yes Yes! I'm listening to you!

And I, nervously, explain to him that I am a young coach from Siberia, that I am surprised why our native sambo is somewhere in the backyard, and the seminar is held in judo, in some kind of Japanese martial art. Well, should I come home and transfer my activities to judo? That Moscow is already abandoning sambo, and you, among other things, are already going to engage in judo wrestling?

- And you, my friend, are a fool! - Kharlampiev answers me. - Where did you see parents betraying their children? Here children often betray their parents! Sambo is my child, I cannot betray him, I will die with him. And if you are such an advocate of sambo wrestling, then, please tell me, what have you done to move it forward? I, too, am only a man, I have limited opportunities. If you are already a champion of SAMBO, help me, let's fight together! Today, my friend, there are many people who want to drown sambo altogether and instead put forward some other martial art, including judo. I have opponents, I have opponents, I fight with them, and what have you done?

This is how he gave me a monologue during our first conversation, and I remember him all my life.

- I'm calling to understand - I answer him - what's going on in Moscow. Maybe this is your position too?

-So, I could tell you about my position, but it's not over the phone. If you really care, I'm waiting for you at home."

He gave me the address and we agreed to meet.

The next day I attended a seminar for a while, then I went to the indicated address.

Needless to say, I walked with excitement, even with trepidation. Patriarch of Sambo! Value! The founder of the new wrestling, a world famous person, the author of many textbooks on sambo, the owner of a huge number of students. I was young at that time, but I was no longer a boy, I saw that both the Japanese and the French were interested in sambo wrestling, that it was already beginning to win international recognition.

The Russian land was famous for bogatyrs with remarkable physical strength, ingenuity, agility and fighting skills. It goes without saying that in the twentieth century there was such a person on the territory of the Soviet Union, who became famous throughout the world, creating a new wrestling system for those times, one might even say, a whole direction. The name of this hero is Kharlampiev Anatoly Arkadyevich. We will talk about the life and fate of this outstanding athlete and coach in this article.

Birth and ancestors

Anatoly Kharlampiev was born in 1906, far from us. Today he is positioned as a researcher of the national types of wrestling of the peoples living then in the USSR. He is considered the founder of modern martial arts called sambo.

The grandfather of our hero - Georgy Yakovlevich - was an excellent gymnast and an excellent wrestler. He had extraordinary physical strength. According to his contemporaries, he could bend a three-kopek coin with his fingers. There is even a legend according to which he met his wife thanks to the fact that he was able to stop the three horses that were carrying her and carried her sharply forward.

Anatoly Arkadevich's father at one time received a distribution to study in Paris at public expense. But left there without any livelihood, he was forced to start performing in the ring, where he became famous. Upon returning to Russia, he was able to practically become the founder of the Soviet boxing school.

Introduction to martial arts

At the age of six, Anatoly Kharlampiev, training under the guidance of both his grandfather and father, began his performances as an aerialist under the dome of the circus. And already at the age of 16 he was an experienced fighter and generally a very versatile athlete. Then he began to strive to develop something of his own in martial arts.

Work at the Red University of the Workers of the East

Many revolutionaries with extensive experience from the countries of the Far East studied at this university. Most of them were also noble martial artists. Therefore, Anatoly Arkadyevich had an excellent opportunity to practice with representatives of various areas. In addition, he ran well, fenced, was a high-class acrobat and climber. He was personally acquainted with Poddubny, Bul, Spool.

Sambo creator

By and large, Anatoly Kharlampiev devoted his entire life to the creation of this struggle in adulthood. Back in the early 1920s, he began to collect various games and wrestling of the peoples known to him into a single whole. Already in 1943, he classified and described combat and sports techniques.

Actually, Kharlampiev divided Sambo into two main components: sports and combat. The first meant a foundation for a fighter, and the second was a targeted application add-on, focused on a narrow circle of professionals.

The outstanding Russian sports figure took judo as the basis for his brainchild. It was this type of Japanese martial arts that he studied under the guidance of his good friend Vasily Sergeevich Oshchepkov, who lived in the Land of the Rising Sun for quite a long period of time and even graduated from the Kodokan.

Activities during World War II

Kharlampiev Anatoly Arkadevich went to the front as a volunteer. During his service, he was repeatedly awarded orders and medals, taught fighters the skills of hand-to-hand combat, helped to master skiing techniques, and compiled a number of programs for the treatment of disorders of various functions after injuries and wounds. Was slightly wounded. He had the rank of senior lieutenant.

Life after the war

Anatoly Kharlampiev actively continued to develop and promote SAMBO coaching methods in the postwar years. Beginning in 1953, he became an associate professor at the Department of Physical Education of the Moscow Power Engineering Institute.

Not only ordinary people, but even quite eminent athletes who achieved high results in other sports went to classes with Anatoly Arkadyevich. Also, his training was attended by people whom doctors did not allow to attend classes in other martial arts schools.

In the 1950s, Japanese masters awarded Kharlampiev the eighth dan in judo. Such a level for a non-Japanese was simply unattainable in those days, and the Soviet representative was for some time the only coach of his kind.

Heirs

In honor of the great coach, since 1980, the World Sambo Cup “Anatoly Kharlampiev Memorial” has been held. The most famous pupil of the legendary sports figure is Valery Volostnykh, who has been awarded the title of Honored Coach of Russia to date. It was he who managed to prepare a whole galaxy of outstanding athletes who became masters of sports of international class, world and European champions and successfully represent their homeland at international tournaments.

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Anatoly Kharlampiev. Sambo creator

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In the harmony of struggle and duel - honor,
combat sambo has glory, valor!

Word " sambo” stands for self-defense without weapons. This is a type of combat sport. The philosophy of this struggle is self-development and constant striving for self-improvement. Sambo is not only a sport, but also the education of willpower and character in a person.
Sambo appeared in the 1920s and 30s in the Soviet Union. Sambo techniques were borrowed from other martial arts of the peoples of the world, for example, from judo, and changed in accordance with the philosophy of martial arts. Techniques from 52 martial arts (Japanese judo, French wrestling, jujitsu, karate, as well as national martial arts of the peoples of the USSR) made up the bulk of the "tools" of sambo.
One of the brightest sambo masters is Anatoly Arkadievich Kharlampiev, a researcher and theorist of the wrestling of different peoples, Honored Master of Sports of the USSR, Honored Coach of the Soviet Union, who largely determined the appearance of this type of wrestling.

Craving and interest in sports arose from Kharlampiev from early childhood. His grandfather was a fist fighter and a real strongman: it was said that he could stop a troika on a gallop. Grandfather was fond of hand-to-hand combat, studied his techniques and types of blows ... Kharlampiev's father became the champion of France and Europe, speaking in the ring.
The boy has been involved in sports since childhood, at the age of six he performed as an aerial gymnast in a circus. Interest in sports and wrestling has grown into something more than just a hobby. They became the meaning and work of Kharlampiev's whole life. Just like his grandfather, Anatoly Arkadyevich began to classify the blows and techniques known to him, creating an integral system. To replenish his knowledge, he entered the State Central Institute of Physical Culture, where he practiced judo under the guidance of Vasily Sergeevich Oshchepkov, who studied this type of martial arts with masters at the Japanese Kodokan school.


During training and studying the theory of martial arts, Kharlampiev noticed that the techniques that he already knew from his father and grandfather, and those that he studied now, are somewhat similar to each other, but some of them are more effective. Then it occurred to him to select the best techniques, combine them together and use their combinations. This set could serve as the basis for a new type of struggle, as Anatoly Arkadievich himself believed, so that the weak and unarmed could always defend themselves.
After graduating from the institute, Kharlampiev went to teach physical education at the Communist University of the Workers of the East. Here he not only contributed his knowledge and skills to the teaching program, but did not stop learning new techniques from students of different nationalities, since among them were representatives of the Caucasian and Central Asian republics.
Kharlampiev participated in duels with such students, learning from them new techniques of attack and defense. At the university, the guys gave him the nickname "invincible."
He regularly, once a year, went on expeditions to the Soviet republics to hone his skills and learn new types of martial arts. But not only combat skills helped Kharlampiev become a true master of his craft. Mountaineering and fencing helped him keep himself in shape. Excellent physical preparation and endurance are the key to success and mastery.
Based on the techniques already selected, Anatoly Arkadyevich created the Sambo combat system - the result of his many years of reflection and observation. Sambo was divided into two varieties: just sambo - a set of classic wrestling techniques - and the combat section of sambo, which included additional elements. You cannot study only combat sambo or just sambo separately. Combat sambo can be mastered only after learning the fundamental techniques of ordinary sambo.
But not only new techniques were presented to Russia by Anatoly Arkadyevich. He offered special clothes and shoes in which it was comfortable for the athletes to fight.
Sambo as an independent sport in the USSR was adopted in 1938. A meeting of coaches was held, among which Kharlampiev was appointed senior. He read a report on the systematics of Soviet freestyle wrestling (as the new type of wrestling was then called), which also spoke about wrestling shoes with soft soles and sambovka (as it is called now), a cloth jacket with slits for the belt, outwardly resembling a kimono.
The turning point in Kharlampiev's life was the Great Patriotic War. "Invincible" went there as a volunteer. At first he served in the 18th Infantry Division.
During the war, Anatoly Arkadievich, having shown his valor and courage, was awarded the Order of the Red Star, medals "For the Defense of Moscow", "For Military Merit", "For the Capture of Königsberg". During the fighting he was wounded.
Kharlampiev had to change combat positions for a treatment room, where he became a methodologist and helped wounded soldiers rehabilitate. He also taught them his techniques at the front, wishing with all his heart to pass on his skills. He also taught ski tactics and combat tactics.


After the Victory, Kharlampiev transferred to the troops who managed to defeat the Kwantung Japanese Army.
Kharlampiev showed interest in the captured Japanese, not leaving his passion even in the war - he again began to learn new judo techniques from them and arrange fights with them. In the carts with captured soldiers, to his great surprise and admiration, he found quite a lot of tatami mats for training. Subsequently, the Japanese awarded "Invincible" the most honorable "gift" - 8 dan in judo, which was usually not given to those who were not Japanese citizens.
The passion for judo helped Kharlampiev win over the prisoners and make them respect themselves under such seemingly difficult circumstances.
After the war, Anatoly Arkadyevich again took up the dissemination, popularization and development of sambo. Beginning in 1947, championships in this type of wrestling began to be held again. Sambo is a great gift to the Motherland.
Russian President Vladimir Putin said that sambo is a wrestling that the people are proud of, because combat sambo strengthens the spirit of youth, educates willpower and character. By the way, he himself is a master of sports of the USSR in sambo, he was trained in combat sambo to become a scout. In his opinion, sambo is a philosophy that develops combat tactics in a person, develops logic and attentiveness.

For more than 80 years, sambo has been a popular sport in Russia. Anyone can master individual techniques or go through the whole difficult path of mastering wrestling in order to compete in the championships. In our country, there is the All-Russian Sambo Federation, which organizes championships. Also, in memory of the ancestor of sambo, sambo tournaments named after Anatoly Arkadyevich Kharlampiev are held annually.
Since 2001 there has been the Combat Sambo Federation of Russia. It also includes the Combat Sambo Center MPEI * named after. A. A. Kharlampiev. It was at MPEI at the Department of Physical Education and Sports that A. A. Kharlampiev worked for the last twenty-six years of his life.

Currently Combat Sambo FBS is an internationally recognized sport, created in Russia, combining the best achievements of world culture in the field of martial arts. It can be called the most effective type of training for military and law enforcement activities in modern conditions.
Sambo is also the promotion of sports and a healthy lifestyle. Sambo makes people courageous, courageous. In addition, sambo is an effective preparation for military activities, and in the army and special services, combat sambo is the basis of all the basics in the preparation of the military. Almost all the defenders of our Motherland must master the applied techniques of combat sambo.


A. Oleinik, V. Volostnykh

Combat Sambo is our national sport. It has the most complete set of currently known methods of influencing the enemy. All martial arts that exist in the world are included in combat sambo as subsystems.
*Moscow Energy Institute

Evgenia Malysheva