fat burning

A set of developing exercises with a ball for elementary grades

An approximate set of exercises with a small (tennis) ball

1.I. n. - legs apart, the ball is in front in lowered hands. 1. - Raise your hands up, bend over. 2. - Bending your arms, touch the ball to the neck.3. - Straighten your arms up, sit down. 4. - I. p. Repeat 6 - 8 times.

2.I. n. - legs apart, arms to the sides, the ball in the left hand, turned palm down. 1 - 2. - Release the ball from the hand and after the rebound, turning the body to the left, catch the ball with the right hand. The same on the other side. Repeat 6-8 times.

3. I. p. - lying on the stomach, the ball is in both hands at the top. 1 - 2. - Bend over, hands with the ball behind your head. 3 - 4. - I. p. Repeat 6 - 8 times.

4. I. p. - main stance, arms to the sides, ball in the left hand. 1. - Raise your left leg forward. 2. - Hit the ball on the floor under the foot so that the ball bounces slightly to the right. 3. - Lowering the leg, catch the ball with the right hand. The same under the other leg. Repeat 6-8 times.

5. I. p. - sitting, legs straight, arms to the sides, the ball in the left hand. 1. - Raise straight legs and, lowering your arms, shift the ball under your knees from your left hand to your right.2. - Lower your legs, arms to the sides (ball in your right hand). 3 - 4. - The same, shifting the ball from the right hand to the left. Repeat 6-8 times.

6. I. p. - legs wider than shoulders, arms forward, ball in left hand. 1. - Unclench your fingers, release the ball from your left hand and, quickly crouching, catch it with both hands near the floor. 2. - Straighten up. The same with the right hand; the same, catching the ball with one hand. Repeat 6-8 times.

7. I. p. - emphasis lying, the ball on the floor between the hands. 1. - Take the ball with your left hand, turning your torso to the left, point-blank lying sideways, raise your left hand with the ball up. 2. - The same with the right hand. Repeat 6-8 times.

8. I. p. - main stance, the ball is in both hands below. 1. - Raise the left leg forward, right hand forward, the ball in the palm of the left, set aside. 2. - Squat on the right leg, holding the ball in the palm of your hand. 3. - Stand up, holding the ball in the palm of your hand. 4. - I. p. The same with the other hand. Repeat 6-8 times.

9. I. p. - standing, hold the ball between the feet. 1. - Jump, throwing the ball up with your feet - forward, and catch it with both hands. 2. - I. p. The same, alternately catching the ball with each hand. Repeat 6-8 times.

10. I. p. - main stance, the ball at the chest in both hands. 1. - Hands up, rise on toes, bend over.2. - Hands on chest. 3. - Lean forward, hands down, touch the floor with the ball. 4. - I. p. Repeat 6 - 8 times.

Preview:

A set of exercises with small (tennis) balls for students in grades 2-4.

I.p. - main stance, ball in right hand. 1. Throw the ball up. 2. Catch the ball with your left hand. 3. Throw the ball up. 4. Catch with your right hand. Repeat 4-6 times.
I.p. - main stance, ball in left hand. 1. Throw the ball on the floor in front of you. 2. Catch after a rebound with the right hand. The same with the other hand. Repeat 5-7 times.
I.p. - the main stand, the ball in the left hand below. 1. Throw the ball high up. 2. Clap your hands. 3. Catch the ball with your right hand. The same with the other hand. Repeat 6-8 times.
I.p. - main stance, ball in right hand. Walking at a slow pace, tossing the ball up and catching the palm from above, from below with the right hand. The same alternating left and right hand. Run 25-30 sec.
I.p. - main stance, ball in right hand. 1. Throw the ball up, raise the left rut forward. 2. Cotton in the palm under the foot. 3. Catch the ball with both hands. 4. I.p. the same with the other foot, catching the ball with one hand. Repeat 4-5 times.
I.p. - main stance, ball in left hand. 1. Lunge to the left, hands up, shift the ball to the right hand. 2. Attach a leg, hands down. The same on the other side. Repeat 7-9 times.
I.p. - the main stand, the ball is lower in the left hand. 1. Throw the ball to the floor from behind with the body turning to the right. 2. Catch the ball after the bounce with the right hand. The same d in the other direction. Repeat 6-8 times.
I.p. - legs together, the ball is lower in the left hand. 1-3. Balance on left foot, ball in straight arms in front. 4. I.p. the same on the right leg. Repeat 3-4 times.
I.p. - main stance, ball in right hand. Bouncing on toes, alternately hit the ball with open palms so that it bounces off the floor no higher than the waist. (30-50 sec).
I.p. - legs apart, the ball is lower in the hands. 1. Lean forward, put the ball behind as far as possible. 2. Straighten up. 3. Lean down, take the ball. 4. I.p. Repeat 4-6 times.

Marina Dolmatova
Physical education with a ball for children of senior preschool age

Physical education use objects to improve motor skills children, develop dexterity, coordination of movements, eye, enrich lessons making it interesting for children.

Program tasks

Educational:

Exercise children in walking and running with a clear fixation of turns (landmark - cubes or skittles);

Strengthen running skills at a moderate pace;

Strengthen small business skills ball;

To consolidate the ability to perform outdoor switchgear with ball confidently, precisely, with good amplitude and at a given pace;

Improve motor skills and coordination of movements in space when rebuilding in three columns.

Educational (wellness):

Develop dexterity in exercises ball;

Develop coordination of movements in the balance task on the gymnastic bench;

Develop physical qualities - dexterity, speed, endurance, strength, flexibility, eye.

Educational:

Cultivate a sense of responsibility;

Cultivate a strong interest in physical education and sports;

To form the need to take care of their health;

Cultivate honesty, organization, friendly attitude towards peers.

Cultivate interest in occupation.

Integration of educational regions Keywords: health, safety, communication, socialization.

Equipment: small balls (in count children) ; gymnastic bench, four skittles for reference.

Organization method: In-line (must be divided into subgroups if the number children more than twenty people).

clothing children: shorts, t-shirts, socks.

Introduction:

The children enter gym, are built in one line. The instructor welcomes children. Equal! Attention! Checks posture.

Instructor: Today we have not a simple occupation, balls will help us to perform all the exercises, and we will find out how you are with them, whether the balls are obedient to you. (Children pass in a column near the basket with balls and take the one they like).

Warm up with balls in motion "Colored beads"

Walking in a column one at a time with a clear fixation turns:

Ball up, walking on toes;

Ball forward in outstretched arms, walking on heels;

The ball is in outstretched hands, reach the ball with your knee;

Jumps from ball. Side gallop: right side; left side. Run at a moderate pace. Rebuilding in three columns.

Walking and recovery breathing: ball up - inhale, ball down - exhale. Rebuilding in three columns.

Main part

1. Outdoor switchgear complex in place with balls. (with musical accompaniment).

1. I. p. - main stance, the ball in the right hand below. 1- raise your arms through the sides up, shift the ball over your head to your left hand; 2- I. p. - the ball in the left hand; 3-4 - also with the left hand (5-6 times).

2. I. p. - stand feet shoulder-width apart, ball in right hand. 1- hands with ball forward; 2- right hand with throw the ball aside; 3- right hand forward, transfer the ball to the left hand; 4- I. p. The same with the left hand. (4-5 times).

3. I. p. - leg stance slightly apart, the ball in the right hand. 1-2- sit down, hands forward, transfer the ball to the left hand; 3-4- return to I. p. (5-6 times).

4. I. p. - kneeling, the ball in the right hand. 1-8 roll the ball to the right (left) around the body. Turning around and touching the ball (3-4 times in each direction).

5. I. p. - lying on your back, the ball in both hands behind your head. 1-2- raise the right straight leg, touch ball toe. 3-4- lower your leg. The same with the left foot. (6 times).

6. I. p. - main stance, ball in the right hand. Jumping on 2 legs in place (20 jumps). Repeat 3 times. There are short pauses between jumps.

Main types of movement:

Division children into two groups

1st subgroup:

1. Throwing the ball with one hand and catching with two hands while standing in a column (10-12 times in a row). Repeat 2-3 times (under the guidance of an instructor).

2nd subgroup:

2. Crawling on the gymnastic bench on the stomach, pulling up with both hands, grip from the sides (2-3 times). (Under the guidance of a teacher.)

Subgroups change places and perform tasks.

3. Walking on the gymnastic bench. Executed in a streaming manner.

When walking, raise a straight leg - clap your hands under the knee, lowering your leg - spread your arms to the sides. (The teacher and instructor control the movements children, monitor posture, balance and correct task performance).

mobile game "Fishing rod".

Children stand in a circle. In the center of the circle, the instructor holds a rope in his hands (a jump rope, at the end of which a bag of sand is tied. The instructor rotates the bag in a circle just above the floor, and the children jump, trying so that the bag does not touch their legs. The teacher first shows the children how to bounce: Push off the floor vigorously and bring your legs under you. The instructor rotates the bag in both directions alternately.

At the end of the game, the children from the circle are rebuilt in a column one at a time.

3 part. Walking in a column one by one around the hall. Building in one line.

Instructor:

That's all, our class is over. What did we do today on lesson? (Answers children) .

thanks for occupation. Goodbye. (Children leave the hall in a column one by one).

Related publications:

Purpose: to identify the abilities and interests of children, to cultivate strong-willed qualities, to develop the desire for victory and self-confidence. Tasks:.

Physical entertainment for children of senior preschool age "Journey to the kingdom of magic balls" Physical entertainment for senior and preparatory groups "Journey to the kingdom of magic balls" Tasks: - consolidate games with elements.

Physical entertainment "Small Summer Olympic Games" for children of senior preschool age. Leading. Slide 1 We are all very, very, happy The Olympics “came” to our kindergarten. Here we could all get together so that we can compete V.

Physical entertainment in the younger group "Play" with the ball Tasks: Exercise in jumping on two legs in place, around you. Develop the need for physical activity. Develop creative motor skills.

Physical culture lesson for children of senior preschool age using a gender approach(The first subgroup - girls) Purpose: To form in children a conscious attitude towards a healthy lifestyle, using a differentiated approach.

Ball school for preschoolers

Author: Yulia Viktorovna Butova, physical education instructor, teacher at the MKDOU Kindergarten No. 6 "Yagodka", Kirov, Kaluga Region.
Description: this material will be useful to kindergarten teachers, physical education instructors.
I bring to your attention the tasks of physical education, recommendations by the teacher and ball games, a methodological development called

"School of the ball"

Target:
To form in children an interest in playing with the ball.
Tasks of physical education:
When rolling the balls, vigorously push them away with your hands.
Catch the ball with the hands, without pressing it to the chest.
Develop the ability to throw the ball with two hands.
Develop manual dexterity.
To acquaint children with the shape, volume, properties of a rubber ball.
Learn to calmly and clearly perform exercises with the ball.
Learn how to throw a small ball at a target.
Learn to vigorously hit the ball with a brush.
Teach the ball with two hands.
Teach general developmental exercises with large balls.
Develop skills and abilities in catching and passing a big ball to each other.
Learn how to hit a hanging basket with a big ball.
Exercise in rolling the ball with your feet between objects and in the direction of each other.
To improve the accuracy of passing the ball to each other from below, from behind the head, from the chest.

Guidelines:
Children love ball games, so they should be given the opportunity to feel the nature of the ball, to show independence while moving with the ball. When performing exercises with the ball, pay attention to each child.
In time to find words of approval that allow the child to easily perform movements, due to the heavy load during the lesson, pay special attention to the intervals of active rest: children can freely play with the ball, as if preparing for the implementation of subsequent motor tasks.
Exercises preceding the throw at the target are necessary for young children. The child's hand gradually gets used to the ball, the movements become more confident, the work with the hand is especially important.
In younger groups, it is necessary to constantly beat actions with the ball: "a small ball is light", "the ball can run away - it plays with you."
During the exercises, the teacher constantly comments on the actions and movements of the children, corrects them, especially if these actions are monotonous.
When throwing the ball on the floor, it is advisable to draw the attention of children to the movement of the ball, what it does, and then to the actions of children with the ball.
Do not ignore those children who could not complete the task, you should work with them individually, help develop motor memory.
Observe the “ball is resting” technique, which allows the child to get a short break, there is a change of movements, switching attention to another action.
When throwing the ball into the distance, children should be shown how to take the correct starting position (legs wider, one leg in front, the body is tilted forward when swinging). The movement of the wrist is an important element in throwing, to show how the movement is performed, to compare it with the moment of the position of the hand during parting, when we say “goodbye”.
When throwing the ball with two hands, pay attention to the technique of throwing the ball on the ground, followed by catching.
It is very important to teach the child to regulate the force of repulsion: to push the ball away not only with force, but also with less effort, without taking it far from the chest.
If rolling the ball with their feet to each other and between objects does not work (it is difficult), you can invite the children to try rolling the ball between objects without passing it to each other.
The change of movements (tasks) in subgroups is carried out after everyone has completed this task the specified number of times.
Avoid unreasonable lengthy explanations during tasks, exercises.
When throwing the ball to each other, remind the children that they must be careful when receiving the ball - the one who catches does not stand still, but correctly calculates the flight and catches the ball.
To achieve from children good control of the movement of the ball, the ability to gently push it away with your fingers.
The technique of passing the ball is acquired by children gradually, so do not rush them unnecessarily; in the process of learning to pass the ball, it is necessary to remind children that: - the elbows should be lowered near the body; - try to throw the ball at the partner's chest level; - accompany the ball with a look and a certain position of the hands.
When teaching to throw the ball into the basket from a place, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that the children throw the ball while standing in the correct stance, aim, follow the ball with their eyes, and do not spread their elbows to the sides.
Celebrate any child's progress.
The interest of children in classes depends on the teacher, it is important to maintain it throughout all moments and even when comments are made on improving movements.

When practicing with a ball and a rope, the teacher should work with only half of the group. Only in this case, children can acquire skills and abilities, and the instructor can control each child individually (seven to eight children); the rest of the children must work with another adult (teacher) and with a different content of tasks (repetition and consolidation of previously familiar movements and actions).

Here are some interesting ball games:

"ball up"

Game Description: The leader is selected by the counting room. Children stand in a circle close to each other, the driver goes to its middle in the circle outlined for him, and throws the ball up after the words: “Ball up!” Players at this time try to run as far as possible from the center of the circle. The driver catches the ball and shouts: “Stop!” All players must stop, and the driver, without moving, throws the ball at the one who is closest to him. The stained player becomes the driver. If the driver misses, then he remains and plays the game again.
Rules of the game: The driver throws the ball as high as possible and only after the words: “Ball up!” The driver is allowed to catch the ball even after bouncing off the ground. If the driver drops the ball or the ball leaves, then before shouting “Sing!”, He needs to catch the ball and return to his place. If one of the players after the word "Stop!" continues to move, then he must take three steps towards the driver. Running away from the driver, players should not hide behind trees and buildings.

"Flying Ball"

Game Description: Players stand in a circle, the driver is in the middle of the circle (he is chosen by the rhyme). On a signal, the children throw the ball to each other through the center of the circle. The driver tries to hold the ball, catch or touch it with his hand. If he succeeded, then he stands in a circle, and the one to whom the ball was thrown becomes the leader.
Rules of the game: Players are allowed to move when catching the ball. Players must not hold the ball. The driver cannot touch the ball when it is in the player's hands.

"Ball Race"

Material: For the game you need two balls of different colors.
Game Description: Children stand in a circle at a distance of one step from each other facing the center, calculated on the first and second numbers. So they are divided into two teams. In each group, a leader is selected by a counting rhyme. They should be on opposite sides of the circle. On a signal, the leaders begin to throw the ball only to the players of their group, in one direction. The group in which the ball returned to the leader first wins. Children choose another leader. The game is repeated, but the balls are thrown in the opposite direction. By agreement, the game can be repeated from 4 to 6 times.
Rules of the game: The leaders must start the game at the same time on a signal. The ball is only allowed to be thrown. If the ball falls, the player who dropped it picks it up and continues the game. Players must accurately throw the ball, be careful when receiving the ball: the one who catches should not stand still waiting for the ball to fall into their hands. You need to keep an eye on the ball and, if necessary, take a step forward.

"You roll, funny ball"

Game description: Children line up in a circle at arm's length. Players pass the ball around the circle saying:
You roll, funny ball,
Quickly, quickly on the hands,
Who stopped-
He runs around!
The player who has the ball in his hands turns his back to the center. Players standing on either side of him turn to the sides and run at the signal: "One, two, three - run!" Whoever runs to the ball first takes it, and the game starts over. Now, you can pass the ball in the other direction.
Rules of the game: Players must pass the ball quickly and accurately to each other. It is impossible for the driver to deliberately hold the ball for another player. Players must run in different directions, back to back to each other. You need to run around the circle, and you can not run into the center. Game description: All players, except the driver, stand in a circle and throw the ball to each other, calling by name the one who should catch it. The driver stands in the middle of the circle and tries to hit the ball flying above him with his hand. As soon as the ball thus detained falls to the ground, the players scatter, and the driver quickly picks up the ball and, shouting “Stop!”, tries to stain one of the players. The stained player becomes the driver. If the driver misses, then he again goes to the circle to drive.
Rules of the game: Players must quickly and accurately pass the ball to each other. The driver holds only the flying ball. The driver spots the players from the place where he picked up the ball.

"Watchman"

Material: Small balls according to the number of children.
Game description: The participants of the game stand in a circle at a distance of one step. All players have small balls. A city is built in the middle of the circle (pins spaced at a distance so that a small ball can freely pass between them). The town is guarded by three watchmen (chosen by a counting rhyme). Players, standing in one place, send the ball to the town with their foot. The one who, rolling the ball, knocks down the pin, takes the place of the watchman.
Rules of the game: The ball players must only roll. You can not miss the ball beaten off by the watchman for the circle; whoever missed the ball is out of the game. Watchmen are allowed, protecting the city, to move from one side to the other. The watchman delays and beats the ball only with his foot. Game description: A large circle is drawn on the site. A bunny is chosen by a counting room, he goes into a circle, and all the players stand behind the circle. They throw the ball to each other, but in such a way that it hits the player - the bunny. The bunny runs in a circle, dodging the ball. The one who stains the player - the bunny, takes his place in the circle.
Rules of the game: Players must not go beyond the boundaries of the circle. Before passing the ball, you need to name the person who should catch it. You need to pass the ball quickly, you can not hold it in your hands. The faster the players pass the ball, the more interesting the game goes. The player - a bunny, if desired, can catch the ball. In this case, the player whose ball was caught stands in a circle and becomes a bunny.

Complexes of games and game exercises with a ball.

Equipment: balls with a diameter of 20 cm.
Target: develop dexterity, accuracy, coordination of movements in small and large muscle groups.
"Throwers" - toss and catch the ball with both hands
"Bouncers" - hit the ball on the floor with both hands and catch it
"Throw-bounce" - toss the ball up and catch it after a rebound on the floor
The mobile game "Catch the ball" - children throw the ball over a stretched cord at a height of 1.5 m. on races = 50-60 cm from them, trying not to touch the cord with the balls. then run after the ball.
Complication options: children catch up with the ball and catch it without letting it touch the floor.

Equipment: balls with a diameter of 20 cm.
Target: develop dexterity, accuracy, coordination of movements, strengthen the muscles of the trunk and upper limbs.
"Clappers" - toss the ball up and catch after one clap
Beaters - hit the ball on the floor with one hand and catch it with both hands
"Hop-hop" - toss the ball up and catch after bouncing on the floor and clapping your hands
The mobile game "Hit and catch up" - children kick the ball with their foot, run after it, pick it up and return to their place.
Complication options: in pursuit of the ball, children need to crawl under a stretched cord at a height of 50 cm. take the ball and return to their place. Without hitting the cord.

Equipment: balls with a diameter of 20 cm.
Target: train the vestibular apparatus, develop dexterity, accuracy, coordination of movements, strength of the muscles of the back, legs and shoulder girdle.
"Pinwheel" - toss the ball up and catch after rebounding and spinning.
"Right-left" - hit the ball with the right-left hand alternately
"Basket" - throw the ball up, connect your hands in front of the chest with a ring and let the falling ball into it.
The mobile game "Ball in a circle" - the children are located in a circle, lying on their stomachs facing in a circle. One of the participants has a ball, he pushes it with his hands and rolls it to any of the participants. Do not release the ball from the circle.
Complication options: children roll the ball with their feet from I.p.-sed, bending their legs (hold the ball with their feet), pushing it away, straightening their legs at the knees. One or two more balls can be added to the game, but then the children will have to roll the ball so that they do not collide with each other.

Complexes of games and game exercises with a ball against the wall.

Complex No. 1 (for children 3-4 years old)

Equipment: balls with a diameter of 20 cm.
Target:
"Bim-bom" - hit the ball from the chest with both hands against the wall (race = 50 cm-1m).
"Wave" - from below with both hands to hit the ball against the wall and catch it after a rebound on the floor.
“Back to front” - leaning back against the wall, the children, raising their hands up above their heads, try to hit the ball against the wall so that the ball bounces off the wall as far as possible, then the children run after the sword and return to their place.
The mobile game “My cheerful, sonorous ball” - with the words of the text ““ My cheerful, sonorous ball, where did you jump, ....” - children, freely located around the hall, perform jumps with the ball in their hands. With the end of the text "... do not keep up with you" - the children run up to the marked line on the edge of the site and roll the ball to the wall. As soon as the ball touches the wall, the children take the ball and the game is repeated.
Complication options: with the pronunciation of the text, the children hit the ball on the floor, with the end of the text, the children scatter around the hall with the ball in their hands.

Complex No. 2 (for children 4-5 years old)

Equipment balls with a diameter of 20 cm.
Target: develop strength, dexterity, eye, the ability to regulate the force of the throw, change the starting position for the throw, depending on the task.
“Tick-tock” - from below with two hands hit the ball against the wall and catch it after a rebound and a clap.
"Airplane" - with two hands from behind the head to hit the ball on the floor. Trying to throw closer to the wall, and catch after a rebound against the wall.
“Higher-lower” - children hit the ball from the chest with both hands against the wall, first standing, then crouching.
The mobile game “Who is next” - several lines are drawn parallel to the wall (on race = 30 cm from one another). Children stand in front of the line closest to the wall. They throw the ball against the wall, catch it and move beyond the next line, gradually retreating further and further from the wall, throw and catch the ball. Whoever catches the ball farthest from the wall wins.

Complex No. 3 (for children 5-7 years old)

Equipment: balls with a diameter of 20 cm, markings (targets with up to 5 circles in them) on the wall, cards with numbers up to 5.
Target: develop speed, agility, accuracy, eye, the ability to regulate the force of the throw, change its direction, develop elementary mathematical concepts.
“Chain” - the children alternately beat the ball from the chest with both hands against the wall and after catching they move with an added step to the right one step, again beat the ball against the wall, catch it and move. Do this one after the other.
“Hurry to catch” - leaning back against the wall, the children, raising their hands up and back, try to hit the ball against the wall above their heads so that, moving away from the wall, they have time to catch it
“Catch behind your back” - leaning back against the wall, the ball in your hands at the top above your head. Deviating from the wall, take a right step forward, while releasing the ball, quickly move your hands behind your back to catch it
behind the back.
The mobile game "Sports Mathematics" - children are built in two columns 5-6 m from the wall with markings. The instructor holds up a card with a number. Those in front run up to the wall, find a markup (goal) on it, where the number of circles on this markup corresponds to the number on the card touches it with the ball. After completing the task, they return to the column and pass the ball to the next participants.
Complication options: Those in front run up to the line at a distance of 1m from the wall, find a markup (target), where the number of circles on this markup corresponds to the number on the card and try to hit it by hitting it with the ball. (In the case when there is no target with markings, the child needs to perform the number of hits against the wall corresponding to the number on the card.

Complexes of games and game exercises with a hoop.

Equipment: hoops with a diameter of 50 cm.
Target: develop small muscles of the hand, coordination of movements in small and large muscle groups. Promote the development of speed and agility.
"Propeller" - hoop vertically on the floor, grip with one hand. With the help of the rotational movement of the hand, bring the hoop into a circular motion around its axis, catch the hoop without letting it fall.
“Look into the window” - hoop in the same position; hold it with two hands from the top. Stand on the hoop with both feet. Sit down and sway left and right, try to move forward.
"Flight into space" - the hoop lies on the floor. Stand in the middle of the hoop. Sit down, take it with both hands and, getting up, lift the hoop up. Without changing the position of the grip, raise the hoop higher and higher to the level of raised arms above your head.
Mobile game "More in a hoop." Hoops are randomly placed on the floor. Near each stand two children. Under the signal "Run!" children run around their hoop. At the signal "Into the hoop!" jump into the hoop and lift it up.
Complication options: To rhythmic music, children perform various running tasks, when it stops, they jump into the hoop and lift it up.

Complex No. 2 (for children 4-5 years old)

Equipment hoops with a diameter of 50-70 cm.
Target: to promote the development of dexterity, speed of reaction, attention, coordination of movements in small and large muscle groups, the ability to respond to sound signals, develop creative imagination.
"On the edge of the abyss" - a hoop on the floor. Walk on the hoop with your feet straight or sideways.
“Climb into the trench” - holding the hoop from the top with one hand, sit down and go through the hoop. Stand up straight and repeat again, but on the other side.
"Rocket" - hoop vertically on the floor, grip with one hand. The child, lifting the hoop up, tosses it in such a way that the hoop does not change direction. The child tries to catch him in any convenient way.
Mobile game "Don't lose the house" Hoops lie on the floor in random order (according to the number of children playing). Each hoop contains a child. On a signal, the children jump out of the hoops and perform arbitrary movements. Children perform various motor tasks (an adult removes one hoop). On the command “Into the Shelter”, the guys must quickly jump into any hoop. The one who did not have time to take the hoop receives a penalty task.
Complication options: children perform various I. / y. with the ball trying not to lose it from your hands. At the signal “Into the shelter”, the children should take the hoop, raising it high above their heads.

Complex No. 3 (for children 5-7 years old)

Equipment hoops with a diameter of 50-70 cm.
Target: develop speed-strength abilities, dexterity, plasticity, coordination of movements in large and small muscle groups.
"Pinwheel" - stand in the center of the hoop. Take it with both hands and lift it to the level of the belt. Moving the torso, perform horizontal rotational movements of the hoop at the waist.
“Wheel” - a hoop vertically on the floor, hold it with a straightened hand from the top, push it with a hand in a given direction (the child independently chooses the option of rolling the hoop: at a distance, at a given target, with repeated pushing, etc.)
“Herons” - the child puts the hoop on the floor in front of him and begins to jump from hoop to hoop on one leg in different ways (straight, sideways, back), trying to stay on one leg as long as possible.
Mobile game "Whose team will win?" Children stand in two columns in teams. In front of each, at a distance of 2-3 m, there are 3 hoops (the distance between the hoops is 40-50 cm). On a signal, the first in the columns race to the first hoop. Having reached it, they raise the hoop above their heads, crawl into it, put it in place, jump out of the hoop, jumping on one leg to the second hoop. They take it, twist it like a top, 2-3 times. and heading with jumps on one leg to the third hoop. They take it and jump 2-3 jumps in place, like through a rope. Putting it in place, they return to the end of the column. The team that completes all tasks the fastest wins.

Complexes of games and game exercises with a skipping rope.

Complex No. 1 (for children 3-4 years old)

Equipment jump ropes.
Target: develop coordination of movements, a sense of balance, develop large and fine motor skills, the ability to navigate in space, educate, courage and the ability to maintain safety.
"Turntable" - rotation of the rope folded in half back and forth
“Step over” - the children hold the rope folded in half and try to step forward and back without letting go of it.
"Snake" - children put the rope on the floor, and try to walk along it, maintaining balance
The mobile game "Flying Butterflies" - on the signal "Morning!" -children run with the rotation of the rope folded in half, trying not to hurt each other. At the signal “Evening!” - the children stop spinning the rope, freeze.
Complication options: children must come up with any figure with a rope.

Complex No. 2 (for children 4-5 years old)

Equipment jump ropes.
Target: develop dexterity, speed of reaction and attention, develop large and fine motor skills. Learn how to interact with each other.
"Helicopter" - rotation of the rope folded in half over the head.
"Venichek" - rotation of a rope folded in half low above the ground with a quick step over it.
"Jump" - jumping on two legs through a rope
The mobile game "Horse racing" - children are divided into pairs of "horse" and "rider". The horse is in front, the rider behind, holds the horse with the “reins” - a rope folded in half. At the signal “On the way!” - couples go around the pillars (racks) along the way, overcome obstacles (children change roles). The winner is the pair that goes all the way without hitting obstacles on the way.
Complication options: The kids have to pass the obstacle course against the clock.

Complex No. 3 (for children 5-7 years old)

Equipment jump ropes.
Target: develop dexterity, accuracy, speed of reaction and attention, strengthen the muscles of the chest and shoulder girdle.
"Wind" - rotation of the rope folded in half in front of you with running along the "bridge" of the floor board.
"Fishing rod" - rotation of a rope folded in half low above the ground with a quick jump over it.
"Jumping" - jumping with an alternate jump from foot to foot with alternating legs.
The outdoor game "Sports Bunnies" - the children are located "in the house" on one side of the hall with a rope in their hand. On the other side is the "lair" of the wolf. At the command "To the clearing" - the children run out and jump rope. At the signal "Wolf" - the children run away "into the house".
Complication options: children run away by jumping on two legs.

Literature:

Yakovleva L.V., Yudina R.A. Physical development and health of children 3-7 years old /. – M.: Vlados, 2003.

Currently gymnastic balls (fitballs) due to their excellent health-improving qualities, they are present in almost any fitness center and are very popular among people with disorders of the musculoskeletal system, overweight people, as well as pregnant women and children from infancy. Training with a gymnastic ball does not apply to power, and therefore are excellent helpers in the fight against diseases of the cardiovascular system, varicose veins, etc.

Right choice

In order to start training with a gymnastic ball, you need to choose the right one. When buying, it should be borne in mind that high-quality balls are made of high-strength elastic material - ledraplasty, which can be realized through orthopedic salons or sports shops. It is in these places that it is better to buy a fitball.

As a rule, the goods are deflated and packed in a box. In order to inflate a gymnastic ball, you will certainly need a pump: be it a special, bicycle or “foot” pump. It doesn't matter. When inflated, the ball can support up to 300 kg of weight, so don't be afraid that it will burst as soon as you sit on it.

Focus on the color of the ball. If you suffer from low blood pressure and for this reason feel a lack of vigor, take an orange or red fitball, and if you are constantly tense and subject to frequent stress, take a blue or green one. Without attributing healing properties to individual colors, it should be noted that this little thing plays an important role in shaping your mood. In any case, it is necessary to opt for those colors that will not irritate and strain your eyesight.

And most importantly, how to choose the diameter of the ball? It would be correct in this matter to focus on your own height and arm length.

The dependence of the ball diameter (dm) on growth:

Storage features

The gymnastic ball should be stored away from flammable substances and any heat sources, and also, despite the fact that the fitball is not so easy to pierce and deflate, its contact with cutting or piercing objects and sharp surfaces should be avoided.

The essence of the exercises

In one case or another, fitball exercises bring great health benefits and are an effective prevention of many diseases. Classes with its use:

improve the vestibular apparatus,
strengthen the muscular corset,
stimulate blood circulation
promote weight loss,
normalize metabolism,
have an analgesic effect
increase intestinal peristalsis and stomach function.

What other benefits do fitball exercises have, we will understand further, as we will present some examples of the use of the ball by people who want to improve their health, lose weight, as well as pregnant women and infants. Of course, this does not mean that the gymnastic ball cannot be used for recreational purposes by other categories of the population. Training with it is very useful for children of any age, people with high employment and hard work, the elderly, etc.

Exercises for different muscle groups

The first gymnastic ball appeared back in the 50s of the last century in Switzerland with the aim of rehabilitating patients with cerebral palsy. In the 80s, the ball was used mainly to treat patients with problems with the musculoskeletal system, so first let's get acquainted with some exercises that have a beneficial effect on various muscle groups.

pectoral muscles

Focus on straight arms, and place the gym ball under the shins. The back should be in a straight position and be in a straight line with the legs. Place your palms slightly wider than your shoulders. Bending your elbows, lower yourself as low as possible, and then return to the starting position. If you find it difficult to balance on the ball, lean on it not with your shins, but with your hips. Over time, move the ball closer to your ankles. Do not bend at the waist.

Muscles of the buttocks and legs

Stand with your back to the ball. Stretch your hands forward. Raise the foot of the right leg and keep it at a height of 20-30 cm above the floor. Then slowly bend the knee of the left leg and squat until the buttocks lightly touch the surface of the ball. Fix the ball so that it does not jump out from under the body. The head must be kept straight. The exercise is repeated 10-15 times with alternate use of both legs.

back muscles

Lie on your stomach on a gymnastic ball with your palms on the floor shoulder-width apart. Fingering with your hands, move the body slightly forward, while the ball should be under the knees, and the body should form a straight line. Legs should remain straight. The feet should be kept together and the hands under the shoulder joints. To maintain balance, try to tighten the muscles of the body, but the neck and head should be relaxed. Staying in this position, tighten your abs and lift your hips up (while your legs should not be bent) so that you rest against the ball with your feet. Return very slowly to the starting position. Repeat the exercise 8-10 times.

Abdominal muscles

Sit on an exercise ball. Place your feet flat on the floor with your arms crossed over your chest. Stepping over, gently lower yourself forward so that your back is on the ball and your knees are under your ankles. The head should be kept on weight and not tilted back. Then begin to gradually "twist": first bend your head, then your shoulders, and finally the middle of your back - until you feel a full contraction of the abdominal muscles. Slowly return to the starting position. The exercise is repeated 8-10 times.

arm muscles

Lean on the ball with straight arms. Hands should be shoulder-width apart. Then step back and spread your legs wide. Tighten your abs and lower yourself down, bending your arms. Try to keep your elbows as close to your body as possible. Return to the starting pose. The exercise is repeated 10 times. You need to keep your back straight.

Slimming Exercises

In the formation of a slender figure, balls that have a relief surface and have a massage effect during classes are excellent help. You need to do it regularly (2-4 times a week). You need to take breaks between classes so as not to
there was no feeling of overexertion and fatigue. One workout should last 30-60 minutes depending on the individual level of readiness. There are a lot of exercises with fitball. You can make a “squeeze” for yourself and do it, periodically replacing one exercise with another.

As a warm-up, take 30 side steps in each direction, and then, picking up a gymnastic ball, repeat them. With each step, extend your arms with the ball in the direction of movement, raising it to shoulder level.
As an initial exercise, lie on the floor, stretch your legs and place your heels on the gym ball. While in this position, lift your hips up, tensing your abs and buttocks, while rolling the ball towards you with your heels. At the top point, the body to the knees should be in the form of a straight line, and the knees should be bent at a right angle. Take the starting pose. Do the exercise 10-15 times. This exercise will help remove all the "excess" from the hips.
While in a “standing” position, squeeze the gymnastic ball between your legs as hard as possible with the inner thighs. Then, pulling your stomach in, tighten your thigh muscles and hold this tension for about a minute. After that, without releasing the ball, do 20-30 jumps on your toes. This exercise is aimed at improving the condition of the hips and abdomen.
Now you can do push-ups on the gym ball. To do this, lie face down and place your hips or legs on the ball. Hands should rest on the floor, elbows should remain straight. Then tighten your abs and use your hands to lower yourself to the maximum depth without touching the floor with your shoulders. The back during the exercise should remain straight at all times. Repeat 10-12 times.
Stand directly in front of the gym ball. Place your left foot on it. The knee must remain straight. Roll the ball to the side until the body looks like the letter "T". The right leg should be slightly bent. Stretch your arms forward and from this position do 20 squats. Then switch legs and repeat. This exercise helps to tighten the buttocks.

Exercises for pregnant women

For pregnant women, exercises with a gymnastic ball are recommended due to the fact that they develop flexibility, reduce muscle pain, improve blood circulation, provide a surge of strength, etc. Being engaged, pregnant women strengthen not only their own health, being in any trimester, but also the body of the unborn baby. A contraindication for practicing with the ball can only be complications during pregnancy. When planning to exercise, be sure to consult your gynecologist.

Sit on a gymnastic ball and, keeping your balance, lean on it with your hands. It is necessary to swing the pelvis in different directions. This simple exercise can also be done without using your hands.
Sit on the ball. The arms should be outstretched and lie on the ball. After that, turn to the right, bringing your left hand behind your right leg. Lock in this position. Turning to the other side, repeat the exercise.
Sit on an exercise ball and bend forward with your arms outstretched in front of you. Straighten up. Raise your arms up, slightly spreading them to the sides (it is not recommended to keep your arms straight above your head for pregnant women).
Sit on the ball. Legs should be bent at the knees and be on the floor. Stretch your right leg, placing it on the heel. After that, stretch towards it with your whole body so that you can touch the sock with your hand. Repeat the exercise using your left leg.
In the standing position, stretch your right leg forward and your left leg back, holding the gymnastic ball with your left hand. Bend your left leg at the knee (while the left hand should rest on the ball) and straighten up again. Run to the other side.
Sit on the ball and take your right leg to the side. Stretch your right hand towards your right leg. Take the starting position, and then do the exercise on the other side.
Standing, bend your back and rest your hands on the gymnastic ball. Place your feet shoulder-width apart. Roll the ball forward, moving your hands, and then come back.
Sit on the ball and try to lie on it with your back, with your legs slightly apart.
Sit on a gym ball, put your hands on your hips. Start moving on the ball with springy movements, first back and forth, left and right, and then in a circle.
In a standing position, hold the ball with your arms extended forward. Squeeze it in your hands and try to bring it as close to you as possible, and then move it away from you again.

Exercises for babies

Fitball exercises are incredibly useful for infants, and regardless of whether they have health problems or are healthy in all respects, especially since such
Problems like intestinal colic, as a rule, do not bypass any of them. The thing is that with the help of “fitball” exercises, the child’s motility of the gastrointestinal tract is stimulated, the nervous system is formed and functions normally, the tone of the flexor muscles decreases, the musculoskeletal system develops correctly, flexibility is trained, the immune system is strengthened, liver function improves , adrenal glands and other organs. It is not necessary to perform exercises every day - 2-3 times a week is enough.

do not work with the baby if the umbilical wound has not healed,
do not work with a child in case of illness and high temperature,
postpone the lesson if the baby is not in the mood,
do not force the child to do activities if he does not like them,
spend classes with the child in the morning,
conduct classes with the baby 1-1.5 hours after eating,
start with a few minutes, gradually increase the time,
If a child has a particular disease, consult a pediatrician about them before starting classes.

1 – 6 months

Lay the child on the gymnastic ball with the tummy down. Then take it by the arms or legs and start rocking it slightly - back and forth, to the sides. It is important to remember here that the baby's joints are still very weak, so you can not pull him by the feet or hands.
Turn the child over on its back. Then, holding his chest and tummy with your palms, shake from side to side.
Lay the baby on the tummy or back, and then, slightly pressing on the body and holding both of his legs with the other hand, begin to make jerky movements, pressing on the ball.
Lay the child on his knees or any hard surface, and roll a gymnastic ball to his legs, which he will immediately begin to push away.

6 – 12 months

This activity requires 2 adults. The baby should be placed on the tummy. One adult should take it by the handles, the other by the legs. Then you need to alternately pull the child towards you so that he touches the ball either with his arms or legs.
Set the gym ball so that it does not slip out from under the baby's feet, as you have to give him the opportunity to jump. To do this, simply grab the child with both hands on the body and hold him until he gets tired.
Lay the baby on the ball with his tummy down. At the same time, its handles should rest against the ball, and the body should be in a raised state. Take the child by the legs and gently rock him back and forth and to the sides.
Lay the baby on his tummy and take him by the legs. Then lower the child so that he can get a toy from the floor.
Lay the baby on his tummy with his legs towards you. Then grab them and roll first towards you, bending the baby's legs at the knees, and then away from you, pushing and straightening them.
Lay the child on the gymnastic ball with his back and hold him by the forearms. Then, slightly pulling on them, seat the baby and hold for a few seconds, after which you lower him back on his back. This exercise can be started from 9 months of age.